Circulation of Influenza A(H5N8) Virus, Saudi Arabia
Hussain Al-Ghadeer
1 , Daniel K.W. Chu
1, Ehab A. Rihan, Ehab M. Abd-Allah, Haogao Gu, Alex W.H. Chin, Ibrahim A. Qasim, Ali Aldoweriej, Sanad S. Alharbi, Marshad A. Al-Aqil, Ali Al-Sahaf, Salah S. Abdel Rahman, Ali H. Aljassem, Ali Abdul-Al, Mohammed R. Aljasir, Yousef M.O. Alhammad, Samy Kasem, Malik Peiris, Ahmed Z.S.A. Zaki, and Leo L.M. Poon
1
Author affiliations: Ministry of Environment, Water, and Agriculture, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (H. Al-Ghadeer, E.A. Rihan, E.M. Abd-Allah, I.A. Qasim, A. Aldoweriej, S.S. Alharbi, M.A. Al-Aqil, A. Al-Sahaf, S.S. Abdel Rahman, A.H. Aljassem, A. Abdul-Al, M.R. Aljasir, Y.M.O. Alhammad, S. Kasem, A.Z.S.A. Zaki); University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (D.K.W. Chu, H. Gu, A.W.H. Chin, M. Peiris, L.L.M. Poon); Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt (S. Kasem)
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Figure
Figure. Phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin sequences of influenza A(H5N8) viruses detected in oropharyngeal and cloacal swab samples from birds in Saudi Arabia. Aligned sequences were analyzed in MEGA7 (http://www.megasoftware.net). We constructed the phylogenetic tree using the neighbor-joining method. Representative viral sequences and viral sequences that are highly similar to those reported in this study were included in the analysis. H5N8 viruses reported in this study are labeled. Bootstrap values ≥60% are shown. Representative viruses sharing a similar gene constellation as the H5N8 viruses found in Saudi Arabia are underlined (see text for details). Virus isolate numbers (EPI ISL) in GISAID (http://platform.gisaid.org) or gene accession numbers in GenBank for corresponding viral sequences are provided. Scale bar indicates estimated genetic distance.
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