Volume 24, Number 12—December 2018
Research
Influences of Community Interventions on Zika Prevention Behaviors of Pregnant Women, Puerto Rico, July 2016–June 20171
Giulia Earle-Richardson
, Christine Prue, Khadija Turay, and Dana Thomas
, Christine Prue, Khadija Turay, and Dana Thomas
Table 2
Respondents exposure to 4 Zika prevention interventions, by demographic characteristics and calendar month, Puerto Rico, July 2016–June 2017*
| Characteristic | Sample | Received WIC Zika orientation |
Received ZPK |
Exposed to Detén el Zika campaign |
Offered free home spraying |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |||||
| Pregnancy trimester at interview | ||||||||||||
| 1st | 26.8 | 8.4 | 91.6 | 32.9 | 67.1 | 52.2 | 47.8 | 68.1 | 31.9 | |||
| 2nd | 48.6 | 8.2 | 91.8 | 24.6 | 75.4 | 45.9 | 54.1 | 71.7 | 28.3 | |||
| 3rd | 24.6 | 3.7 | 96.3 | 16.9 | 83.1 | 53.4 | 46.6 | 52.8 | 47.2 | |||
| Total no. | 1,329 | 95 | 1,230 | 324 | 976 | 600 | 616 | 873 | 448 | |||
| p value |
0.019 |
0.000 |
0.052 |
0.000 |
||||||||
| Calendar month of interview | ||||||||||||
| Jul 2016 | 11.2 | 4.8 | 95.2 | 4.8 | 95.2 | 62.9 | 37.1 | 29.7 | 70.3 | |||
| Aug 2016 | 11.1 | 8.2 | 91.8 | 23.8 | 76.2 | 59.2 | 40.8 | 29.3 | 70.7 | |||
| Sep 2016 | 10.1 | 6.0 | 94.0 | 31.3 | 68.7 | 44.4 | 55.6 | 34.6 | 65.4 | |||
| Oct 2016 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 89.3 | 41.3 | 58.7 | 31.6 | 68.4 | 65.8 | 34.2 | |||
| Nov 2016 | 11.3 | 8.0 | 92.0 | 31.3 | 68.7 | 35.0 | 65.0 | 70.1 | 29.9 | |||
| Dec 2016 | 11.3 | 4.0 | 96.0 | 30.0 | 70.0 | 36.1 | 63.9 | 72.7 | 27.3 | |||
| Feb 2017 | 11.3 | 6.7 | 93.3 | 20.7 | 79.3 | 55.2 | 44.8 | 97.3 | 2.7 | |||
| Apr 2017 | 11.3 | 5.3 | 94.7 | 16.0 | 84.0 | 68.1 | 31.9 | 94.7 | 5.3 | |||
| Jun 2017 | 11.2 | 10.7 | 89.3 | 22.1 | 77.9 | 52.9 | 47.1 | 96.6 | 3.5 | |||
| Total no. | 1,329 | 203 | 1,230 | 324 | 976 | 600 | 616 | 873 | 418 | |||
| p value |
0.225 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
||||||||
| Age group, y | ||||||||||||
| 18–22 | 26.6 | 6.8 | 93.2 | 22.3 | 77.7 | 51.0 | 49.0 | 66.2 | 33.8 | |||
| 23–25 | 24.4 | 7.4 | 92.6 | 23.5 | 76.5 | 52.1 | 47.9 | 68.5 | 68.5 | |||
| 26–29 | 24.0 | 6.9 | 93.1 | 27.0 | 73.0 | 44.1 | 55.9 | 64.9 | 35.1 | |||
| >30 | 25.1 | 7.5 | 92.5 | 27.2 | 72.8 | 49.8 | 50.2 | 64.8 | 35.2 | |||
| Total no. | 1,329 | 95 | 1,230 | 324 | 976 | 600 | 616 | 873 | 448 | |||
| p value |
0.981 |
0.356 |
0.217 |
0.723 |
||||||||
| Educational attainment | ||||||||||||
| Some high school or less | 2.6 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 21.7 | 78.3 | 54.5 | 45.5 | 66.7 | 33.3 | |||
| Attended or completed 12th grade | 31.4 | 7.4 | 92.6 | 22.3 | 77.7 | 49.4 | 50.6 | 66.1 | 33.9 | |||
| Attended or completed university | 60.0 | 6.1 | 93.9 | 23.6 | 76.4 | 49.9 | 50.1 | 62.2 | 37.8 | |||
| Attended or completed graduate program | 6.1 | 7.3 | 92.7 | 25.6 | 74.1 | 36.2 | 63.8 | 58.2 | 41.8 | |||
| Total no. | 909 | 58 | 848 | 207 | 681 | 404 | 419 | 572 | 332 | |||
| p value |
0.512 |
0.934 |
0.315 |
0.579 |
||||||||
| Population in poverty in Zip code, % quartiles† | ||||||||||||
| >55 below poverty | 25.0 | 5.1 | 94.9 | 22.8 | 77.2 | 49.5 | 50.5 | 65.2 | 34.8 | |||
| 49–54 below poverty | 25.3 | 7.9 | 92.1 | 25.6 | 74.4 | 43.7 | 56.3 | 67.5 | 32.5 | |||
| 43–48 below poverty | 25.1 | 6.7 | 93.3 | 23.1 | 76.9 | 51.6 | 48.4 | 64.2 | 35.8 | |||
| <43 below poverty | 24.5 | 8.8 | 91.2 | 29.2 | 70.8 | 53.1 | 46.9 | 68.1 | 31.9 | |||
| Total no. | 1,255 | 89 | 1,163 | 309 | 918 | 566 | 579 | 826 | 421 | |||
| p value |
0.305 |
0.234 |
0.125 |
0.700 |
||||||||
| Municipality population | ||||||||||||
| >200,000 | 63.5 | 6.1 | 93.9 | 23.1 | 76.9 | 48.6 | 51.4 | 66.0 | 34.0 | |||
| >100,00–200,000 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 89.4 | 31.3 | 68.7 | 50.4 | 49.6 | 61.8 | 38.2 | |||
| >50,000–100,000 | 12.6 | 7.7 | 92.3 | 27.9 | 72.1 | 46.8 | 53.2 | 63.3 | 36.7 | |||
| <50,000 | 14.0 | 8.8 | 91.2 | 26.3 | 73.7 | 56.1 | 43.9 | 72.5 | 27.5 | |||
| Total no. | 1,326 | 91 | 1,184 | 313 | 937 | 578 | 589 | 839 | 431 | |||
| p value | 0.213 | 0.163 | 0.328 | 0.187 | ||||||||
*All data are percentages unless otherwise indicated. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05 by χ2 test) are shown in boldface. WIC, Women, Infants, and Children Program (US Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service); ZPK, Zika prevention kit.
†Source: US Census Bureau American Community Survey, 2016. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, Table S1701 (generated by G.B.E. using American Fact Finder, 2018 Feb 24).
1Preliminary results from this study were presented as a poster presentation at the International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases, August 29, 2018, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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