Poverty and Community-Acquired Antimicrobial Resistance with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–Producing Organisms, Hyderabad, India
Marcella Alsan
, Nagamani Kammili, Jyothi Lakshmi, Anlu Xing, Afia Khan, Manisha Rani, Prasanthi Kolli, David A. Relman, and Douglas K. Owens
Author affiliations: National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge,; Massachusetts, USA (M. Alsan); Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA (M. Alsan, A. Xing, D.A. Relman, D.K. Owens); Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA (M. Alsan, A. Xing, D.A. Relman, D.K. Owens); Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Secunderabad, India (N. Kammili, J. Lakshmi, M. Rani); University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (A. Khan); Guntur Medical College and Hospital, Guntur, India (P. Kolli)
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Figure 2
Figure 2. Nonparametric relationships between significant bacterial growth in urine culture and income (A) and between community-acquired antimicrobial resistance with ESBL and income (B) for pregnant women in Hyderabad, India, adjusted for respondent age, education level, income, religious background, hospitalization in previous 12 months, and previous abortion. Dots indicate adjusted mean predicted outcome; error bars indicate 95% CIs. Tick marks along baselines indicate quartiles of income. ESBL, extended-spectrum β-lactamase.
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