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Volume 25, Number 11—November 2019
Dispatch

Preventing Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus Infection during Pregnancy, Puerto Rico, USA, 20161

Beatriz Salvesen von EssenComments to Author , Katie Kortsmit, Lee Warner, Denise V. D’Angelo, Holly B. Shulman, Wanda Hernández Virella, Aspy Taraporewalla, Leslie Harrison, Sascha Ellington, Carrie Shapiro-Mendoza, Wanda Barfield, Ruben A. Smith, Denise J. Jamieson, Shanna Cox, Karen Pazol, Patricia García Díaz, Beatriz Ríos Herrera, Manuel Vargas Bernal, on behalf of the Puerto Rico Department of Health, and the Women’s Health and Fertility Branch, Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (B. Salvesen von Essen, K. Kortsmit, L. Warner, D.V. D’Angelo, H.B. Shulman, A. Taraporewalla, L. Harrison, S. Ellington, C. Shapiro-Mendoza, W. Barfield, R.A. Smith, S. Cox, K. Pazol); Puerto Rico Department of Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA (B. Salvesen von Essen, W. Hernández Virella, P. García Díaz, B. Ríos Herrera, M. Vargas Bernal); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (D.J. Jamieson)

Main Article

Table 1

Adjusted prevalence estimates and ratios of receipt of provider counseling on condom use during pregnancy to prevent Zika virus infection by maternal characteristics, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System–Zika Postpartum Emergency Response Study, Puerto Rico, USA, 2016*

Characteristic Received counseling on condom use to prevent Zika, n = 2,229†
% Patients (95% CI)‡ Crude PR (95% CI) Adjusted PR (95% CI)§
Age, y
<19 89.7 (85.6–92.7) 1.17 (1.09–1.26) 1.10 (1.03–1.18)
20–34 87.3 (85.7–88.7) 1.13 (1.06–1.21) 1.07 (1.01–1.13)
>35
 81.5 (77.0–85.3)
 Referent¶
 Referent¶
Education level
High school or less 86.3 (83.5–88.6) 1.02 (0.99–1.05) 0.99 (0.96–1.03)
More than high school
 87.1 (85.4–88.5)
 Referent
 Referent
Marital status during pregnancy
Unmarried 86.2 (84.4–87.8) 1.03 (0.99–1.07) 0.98 (0.95–1.01)
Married
 88.0 (85.5–90.1)
 Referent
 Referent
Prenatal WIC program participation
Yes, did not receive a Zika prevention kit 80.2 (75.4–84.3) 1.13 (1.02–1.24) 1.14 (1.02–1.26)
Yes, received a Zika prevention kit 90.3 (88.9–91.5) 1.27 (1.16–1.38) 1.28 (1.17–1.40)
No
 70.6 (64.0–76.5)
 Referent
 Referent
Sexually active during pregnancy
Yes 87.0 (85.5–88.3) Referent Referent
No 86.3 (83.1–89.0) 1.00 (0.96–1.03) 0.99 (0.96–1.03)

*PR, prevalence ratio; WIC, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.
†Unweighted sample size.
‡Adjusted weighted percentage.
§All prevalence and prevalence ratio estimates were adjusted for maternal age and education, marital status, prenatal WIC participation, sexual activity during pregnancy, infant birth month, and region.
¶Adjusted p value (<0.01) for linear trend based on maternal age.

Main Article

1Preliminary results from this study were presented at the 2018 American Public Health Association Annual Meeting in San Diego, California, USA, November 10–14, 2018.

Page created: October 15, 2019
Page updated: October 15, 2019
Page reviewed: October 15, 2019
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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