Volume 26, Number 10—October 2020
Research
Effectiveness of 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Adults, Japan, 2013–2017
Table 4
Stratified analyses of the effectiveness of PPSV23 against invasive pneumococcal disease in adults >20 years of age, Japan, 2013–2017*
Characteristic | No. cases | No. controls | Crude VE, % (95% CI) | Adjusted VE,† % (95% CI) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||||
M | 443 | 236 | 41.5 (2.0 to 65.0) | 38.7 (−5.1 to 64.3) | 0.917 | |
F |
303 |
139 |
52.7 (2.5 to 77.1) |
48.5 (5.3 to 72.0) |
||
Age group, y | ||||||
20–64 | 245 | 119 | 72.5 (13.6 to 91.3) | 59.0 (17.9 to 79.6) | 0.170 | |
>65 |
501 |
256 |
41.7 (7.2 to 63.3) |
39.2 (2.0 to 62.2) |
||
Clinical manifestations | ||||||
Pneumonia | 480 | 185 | 55.8 (26.2 to 73.5) | 50.6 (16.0 to 70.9) | 0.284 | |
Meningitis | 94 | 75 | 46.9 (−76.6 to 84.1) | 35.6 (−100.0 to 79.2) | ||
Bacteremia | 104 | 84 | 41.8 (−78.2 to 81.0) | 34.7 (−72.1 to 75.2) | ||
Other‡ |
68 |
30 |
NA |
NA |
||
BMI group, kg/m2 | ||||||
<18.5 | 171 | 86 | 11.3 (−109.4 to 62.4) | 7.4 (−108.1 to 58.8) | 0.005 | |
18.5–24.9 | 346 | 180 | 73.2 (50.8 to 85.4) | 70.6 (47.7 to 83.5) | ||
>25 |
111 |
56 |
−133.3 (−765.0 to 37.1) |
−136.5 (−826.6 to 39.6) |
||
Underlying conditions | ||||||
Immunocompromised | 175 | 139 | 41.0 (−22.0 to 71.4) | 41.2 (−27.6 to 72.9) | 0.971 | |
Other condition | 324 | 155 | 48.5 (7.2 to 71.4) | 48.2 (6.0 to 71.5) | ||
No underlying condition | 198 | 58 | 48.8 (−113.3 to 87.7) | 51.5 (−116.0 to 89.1) |
*BMI, body mass index; NA, not available; PPSV23, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; VE, vaccine effectiveness.
†Adjusted for sex, age, prefecture, year, season, BMI group, underlying conditions, and smoking history with clustering by public health center.
‡Includes arthritis, endocarditis, sinusitis, otitis media, vertebritis, cholecystitis, aortic aneurysm, and pleurisy.