Volume 26, Number 10—October 2020
Research
Effectiveness of 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Adults, Japan, 2013–2017
Table 1
Characteristics of 1,121 invasive pneumococcal disease patients with and without PPSV23 serotype, Japan, 2013–2017*
Characteristic | Total |
PPSV23 serotype, n = 746 |
Non-PPSV23 serotype, n = 375 |
p value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||||||
M | 679 (61) | 443 (59) | 236 (63) | 0.251 | |||
F |
442 (39) |
303 (41) |
139 (37) |
||||
Age group, y | |||||||
20–39 | 55 (5) | 34 (5) | 21 (6) | 0.437 | |||
40–64 | 309 (28) | 211 (28) | 98 (26) | ||||
65–79 | 427 (38) | 291 (39) | 136 (36) | ||||
>80 |
330 (29) |
210 (28) |
120 (32 |
||||
Study site, prefecture | |||||||
Hokkaido | 138 (12) | 85 (11) | 53 (14) | 0.612 | |||
Miyagi | 133 (12) | 92 (12) | 41 (11) | ||||
Yamagata | 95 (8) | 69 (9) | 26 (7) | ||||
Niigata | 211 (19) | 144 (19) | 67 (18) | ||||
Mie | 113 (10) | 78 (10) | 35 (9) | ||||
Nara | 80 (7) | 51 (7) | 29 (8) | ||||
Kochi | 38 (3) | 27 (4) | 11 (3) | ||||
Fukuoka | 222 (20) | 146 (20) | 76 (20) | ||||
Kagoshima | 45 (4) | 28 (4) | 17 (5) | ||||
Okinawa |
46 (4) |
26 (3) |
20 (5) |
||||
Year | |||||||
2013 | 45 (4) | 33 (4) | 12 (3) | 0.602 | |||
2014 | 201 (18) | 134 (18) | 67 (18) | ||||
2015 | 213 (19) | 146 (20) | 67 (18) | ||||
2016 | 286 (26) | 180 (24) | 106 (28) | ||||
2017 | 363 (32) | 243 (33) | 120 (32) | ||||
Unknown |
13 (1) |
10 (1) |
3 (1) |
||||
Season† | |||||||
High season | 722 (64) | 492 (66) | 230 (61) | 0.152 | |||
Low season | 385 (34) | 243 (33) | 142 (38) | ||||
Unknown |
14 (1) |
11 (1) |
3 (1) |
||||
BMI group, kg/m2 | |||||||
<18.5 | 257 (23) | 171 (23) | 86 (23) | 0.895 | |||
18.5–24.9 | 526 (47) | 346 (46) | 180 (48) | ||||
>25 | 167 (15) | 111 (15) | 56 (15) | ||||
Unknown |
171 (15) |
118 (16) |
53 (14) |
||||
Underlying conditions | |||||||
Immunocompromised conditions | 314 (28) | 175 (23) | 139 (37) | <0.001 | |||
Other conditions | 479 (43) | 324 (43) | 155 (41) | ||||
Without underlying conditions | 256 (23) | 198 (27) | 58 (15) | ||||
Unknown |
72 (6) |
49 (7) |
23 (6) |
||||
Smoking history | |||||||
Yes | 390 (35) | 265 (36) | 125 (33) | 0.709 | |||
No | 559 (50) | 370 (50) | 189 (50) | ||||
Unknown |
172 (15) |
111 (15) |
61 (16) |
||||
Alcohol intake | |||||||
Yes | 184 (16) | 121 (16) | 63 (17) | 0.439 | |||
No | 750 (67) | 493 (66) | 257 (69) | ||||
Unknown |
187 (17) |
132 (18) |
55 (15) |
||||
Clinical manifestations | |||||||
Pneumonia | 665 (59) | 480 (64) | 185 (49) | <0.001 | |||
Meningitis | 169 (15) | 94 (13) | 75 (20) | ||||
Bacteremia | 188 (17) | 104 (14) | 84 (22) | ||||
Other‡ | 98 (9) | 68 (9) | 30 (8) | ||||
Unknown |
1 (0) |
0 (0) |
1 (0) |
||||
Fatal outcome | |||||||
Yes | 204 (18) | 137 (18) | 67 (18) | 0.838 | |||
No |
917 (82) |
609 (82) |
308 (82) |
||||
PPSV23 vaccination within 5 y | |||||||
Yes | 103 (9) | 58 (8) | 45 (12) | <0.001 | |||
No | 765 (68) | 539 (72) | 226 (60) | ||||
Unknown | 253 (23) |
149 (20) |
104 (28) |
*Values are no. (%) unless indicated. BMI, body mass index; EW, epidemiologic week; PPSV23, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.
†High season indicates the period from EW 1 to EW 22 and from EW 49 to EW 52, whereas low season indicates the period from EW 23 to EW 48.
‡Includes arthritis, endocarditis, sinusitis, otitis media, vertebritis, cholecystitis, aortic aneurysm, and pleurisy.