Volume 26, Number 11—November 2020
CME ACTIVITY - Research
Phage-Mediated Immune Evasion and Transmission of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Humans
Raphael N. Sieber, Tinna R. Urth, Andreas Petersen, Camilla H. Møller, Lance B. Price, Robert L. Skov, Anders R. Larsen, Marc Stegger1, and Jesper Larsen1
Table 2
Patient characteristics and presence of IEC among livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus CC398 cases and isolates, North Denmark Region, Denmark*
| Patient group | No. isolates | Male:female ratio | Median age, y (range) | % IEC | No. IEC-related excess cases (% all cases) | Prevalence ratio (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with livestock contact | |||||||
| Direct contact | 727 | 3.2 | 33 (0–93) | 3.4 | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| Indirect contact |
256 |
0.59 |
22 (0–91) |
6.3 |
7 (2.8) |
1.82 (0.99–3.31) |
0.068 |
| Patients with CO infection |
383 |
1.0 |
52 (0–98) |
7.1 |
14 (3.6) |
2.05 (1.21–3.46) |
0.010 |
| Patients with HO/HACO infection | 179 | 1.1 | 66 (0–97) | 11 | 14 (7.7) | 3.25 (1.85–5.65) | 0.0001 |
*CC, clonal complex; CO, community-onset; HACO, healthcare-associated community-onset; HO, healthcare-onset; IEC, immune evasion cluster.
1These senior authors contributed equally to this article.
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