Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 26, Number 11—November 2020
Dispatch

Multiple Introductions of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi H58 with Reduced Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility into Chile

Mailis Maes1Comments to Author , Zoe A. Dyson1, Ellen E. Higginson, Alda Fernandez, Pamela Araya, Sharon M. Tennant, Stephen Baker, Rosanna Lagos, Myron M. Levine, Juan Carlos Hormazabal2, and Gordon Dougan2
Author affiliations: University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (M. Maes, Z.A. Dyson, E.E. Higginson, S. Baker, G. Dougan); Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Z.A. Dyson); London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (Z.A. Dyson); Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (A. Fernandez, P. Araya, J.C. Hormazabal); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (S.M. Tennant, M. M. Levine); Hospital de Niños de Santiago, Santiago, Chile (R. Lagos)

Main Article

Figure 1

Global context of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi genotype 4.3.1 from Chile. Salmonella Typhi H58 genotype 4.3.1-based phylogenetic tree. Branches are colored by genotypes labeled in the tree. A, B, and C arrows indicate isolates from the Chile and the 3 independent introductions. The inner circle indicates country of isolation. The middle circle indicates AMR, excluding reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones caused by QRDR SNPs. MDR, including resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; or XDR, multidrug resistance plus resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. The outer circle indicates number of SNPs, 0, 1, 2 or 3, in the quinolone resistance determining region of gyrA and parC genes. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. AMR, antimicrobial resistance; MDR, multidrug-resistant; QRDR, quinolone-resistance determining region; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; XDR, extremely drug-resistant.

Figure 1. Global context of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi genotype 4.3.1 from Chile. Salmonella Typhi H58 genotype 4.3.1-based phylogenetic tree. Branches are colored by genotypes labeled in the tree. A, B, and C arrows indicate isolates from the Chile and the 3 independent introductions. The inner circle indicates country of isolation. The middle circle indicates AMR, excluding reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones caused by QRDR SNPs. MDR, including resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; or XDR, multidrug resistance plus resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. The outer circle indicates number of SNPs, 0, 1, 2 or 3, in the quinolone resistance determining region of gyrA and parC genes. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. AMR, antimicrobial resistance; MDR, multidrug-resistant; QRDR, quinolone-resistance determining region; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; XDR, extremely drug-resistant.

Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this work.

2These authors contributed equally to this work.

Page created: October 20, 2020
Page updated: October 20, 2020
Page reviewed: October 20, 2020
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external