Volume 26, Number 11—November 2020
Research
Case-Control Study of Use of Personal Protective Measures and Risk for SARS-CoV 2 Infection, Thailand
Pawinee Doung-ngern, Rapeepong Suphanchaimat, Apinya Panjangampatthana, Chawisar Janekrongtham, Duangrat Ruampoom, Nawaporn Daochaeng, Napatchakorn Eungkanit, Nichakul Pisitpayat, Nuengruethai Srisong, Oiythip Yasopa, Patchanee Plernprom, Pitiphon Promduangsi, Panita Kumphon, Paphanij Suangtho, Peeriya Watakulsin, Sarinya Chaiya, Somkid Kripattanapong, Thanawadee Chantian, Emily Bloss, Chawetsan Namwat, and Direk Limmathurotsakul
Table 2
Factors associated with compliance of mask wearing among coronavirus disease cases and controls, Thailand, March–April 2020*
| Factors | Not wearing masks, no. (%), n = 602 | Sometimes wearing masks, no. (%), n = 204 | Always wearing masks, no. (%), n = 227 | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | n = 601 | n = 204 | n = 227 | |
| F | 277 (46.1) | 75 (36.8) | 112 (49.3) | 0.03 |
| M |
324 (53.9) |
129 (63.2) |
115 (50.7) |
|
| Age group, y | n = 594 | n = 204 | n = 225 | |
| <15 | 45 (7.6) | 5/204 (2%) | 3/225 (1%) | <0.001 |
| >15–40 | 269 (45.3) | 117/204 (57%) | 132/225 (59%) | |
| >40–65 | 236 (39.7) | 76/204 (37%) | 84/225 (37%) | |
| >65 |
44 (7.4) |
6/204 (3%) |
6/225 (3%) |
|
| Contact places‡ | n = 602 | n = 204 | n = 227 | |
| Nightclub | 84 (14.0) | 51 (25.0) | 91 (40.1) | <0.001 |
| Boxing stadium | 48 (8.0) | 66 (32.4) | 29 (12.8) | |
| Workplace | 178 (29.6) | 46 (22.5) | 64 (28.2) | |
| Household | 167 (27.7) | 27 (13.2) | 33 (14.5) | |
| Others |
125 (20.7) |
14 (6.9) |
10 (4.4) |
|
| Shortest distance of contact | n = 588 | n = 191 | n = 212 | |
| Physical contact | 246 (41.8) | 96 (50.3) | 76 (35.8) | 0.005 |
| <1 m without physical contact | 238 (40.5) | 70 (36.6) | 83 (39.1) | |
| >1 m |
104 (17.7) |
25 (13.1) |
53 (25.0) |
|
| Duration of contact within 1 m | n = 590 | n = 190 | n = 205 | |
| >60 min | 396 (67.1) | 143 (75.3) | 121 (59.0) | <0.001 |
| >15–60 min | 120 (20.3) | 23 (12.1) | 30 (14.6) | |
| <15 min |
74 (12.5) |
24 (12.6) |
54 (26.3) |
|
| Sharing dishes or cups§ | n = 601 | n = 203 | n = 226 | |
| N | 361 (60.1) | 130 (64.0) | 200 (88.5) | <0.001 |
| Y |
240 (39.9) |
73 (36.0) |
26 (11.5) |
|
| Sharing cigarettes¶ | n = 600 | n = 202 | n = 226 | |
| N | 586 (97.7) | 194 (96.0) | 223 (98.7) | 0.29 |
| Y |
14 (2.3) |
8 (4.0) |
3 (1.3) |
|
| Handwashing# | n = 594 | n = 203 | n = 224 | |
| None | 142 (23.9) | 16 (7.9) | 6 (2.7) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 298 (50.2) | 99 (48.8) | 42 (18.8) | |
| Often |
154 (25.9) |
88 (43.3) |
176 (78.6) |
|
| *Data not available for all cases and controls for all factors. Wearing masks incorrectly, such as not covering both nose and mouth, was considered the same as not wearing a mask for analyses. †p values were estimated by using univariable multinomial logistic regression models. Missing values were imputed using the imputation model. ‡The state enterprise office was included as a workplace. Others included restaurants, markets, malls, religious places, and households of index patients or other persons but not living together (e.g., persons not living in that household). §Sharing multiserving dishes and using communal serving utensils to portion food individually was not categorized as sharing dishes. ¶Included sharing electronic cigarettes and any vaping devices. #Included washing with soap and water, and by using alcohol-based solutions. | ||||
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