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Volume 27, Number 1—January 2021
Synopsis

Impact of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination, Rwanda and Bhutan

Iacopo BaussanoComments to Author , Felix Sayinzoga, Ugyen Tshomo, Vanessa Tenet, Alex Vorsters, Daniëlle A.M. Heideman, Tarik Gheit, Massimo Tommasino, Marie Chantal Umulisa, Silvia Franceschi, and Gary M. Clifford
Author affiliations: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (I. Baussano, V. Tenet, T. Gheit, M. Tommasino, M.C. Umulisa, G.M. Clifford); Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda (F. Sayinzoga); Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan (U. Tshomo); University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium (A. Vorsters); Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (D.A.M. Heideman); Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy (S. Franceschi)

Main Article

Table 2

PRs and VE for positivity for human papillomavirus by GP5+/6+ PCR, Rwanda and Bhutan*

Country and type of effectiveness HPV type† No. (%) by vaccination status
 Adjusted PRs (95% CI)‡ Adjusted VE, % (95% CI)‡
Baseline survey Repeat survey
Rwanda
Overall§ All
 All
No. 912 1,087
Vaccine-targeted 23 (2.5) 8 (0.7) 0.22 (0.10 to 0.49) 78 (51 to 90)
Other α-9 26 (2.9) 16 (1.5) 0.42 (0.22 to 0.79) 58 (21 to 78)
Other α-7 19 (2.1) 23 (2.1) 0.82 (0.44 to 1.52) 18 (–52 to 56)
Non–α 7/9 24 (2.6)
 31 (2.9)
 0.85 (0.50 to 1.45) 15 (–45 to 50)
Restricted¶ Unvaccinated
 All
No. 519 1,087
Vaccine-targeted 21 (4.0) 8 (0.7) 0.14 (0.06 to 0.31) 86 (69 to 94)
Other α-9 17 (3.3) 16 (1.5) 0.37 (0.19 to 0.74) 63 (26 to 81)
Other α-7 12 (2.3) 23 (2.1) 0.71 (0.35 to 1.43) 29 (–43 to 65)
Non–α 7/9 12 (2.3)
 31 (2.9)
 0.95 (0.49 to 1.85) 5 (–85 to 51)
Total# Unvaccinated
 Vaccinated
No. 519 962
Vaccine-targeted 21 (4.0) 3 (0.3) 0.05 (0.01 to 0.17) 95 (83 to 99)
Other α-9 17 (3.3) 15 (1.6) 0.40 (0.19 to 0.81) 60 (19 to 81)
Other α-7 12 (2.3) 19 (2.0) 0.65 (0.31 to 1.37) 35 (–37 to 69)
Non–α 7/9
 12 (2.3)
 25 (2.6)
 0.86 (0.43 to 1.71)
 14 (–71 to 57)
Bhutan
Overall§ All
 All
No. 973 909
Vaccine-targeted 8 (0.8) 1 (0.1) 0.12 (0.01 to 0.94) 88 (6 to 99)
Other α-9 27 (2.8) 11 (1.2) 0.37 (0.18 to 0.73) 63 (27 to 82)
Other α-7 26 (2.7) 15 (1.7) 0.49 (0.26 to 0.92) 51 (8 to 74)
Non–α 7/9 21 (2.2)
 18 (2.0)
 0.77 (0.41 to 1.42) 23 (–42 to 59)
Restricted¶ Unvaccinated
 All
No. 77 909
Vaccine-targeted 2 (2.6) 1 (0.1) 0.04 (0 to 0.48) 96 (52 to 100)
Other α-9 2 (2.6) 11 (1.2) 0.44 (0.10 to 1.89) 56 (–89 to 90)
Other α-7 1 (1.3) 15 (1.7) 1.08 (0.15 to 7.82) –8 (–682 to 85)
Non–α 7/9 3 (3.9)
 18 (2.0)
 0.47 (0.14 to 1.59) 53 (–59 to 86)
Total# Unvaccinated
 Vaccinated
No. 77 864
Vaccine-targeted 2 (2.6) 1 (0.1) 0.05 (0 to 0.51) 95 (49 to 100)
Other α-9 2 (2.6) 10 (1.2) 0.42 (0.10 to 1.81) 58 (–81 to 90)
Other α-7 1 (1.3) 15 (1.7) 1.13 (0.16 to 8.21) –13 (–721 to 84)
Non–α 7/9 3 (3.9) 17 (2.0) 0.46 (0.15 to 1.48) 54 (–48 to 85)

*PR, prevalence ratio; VE, vaccine effectiveness.
†Vaccine-targeted types (HPV-6, -11, -16, -18); other α-9 types (HPV-31, -33, -35, -52, -58); other α-7 types (HPV-39, -45, -59, -68); non–α 7/9 types (HPV-26, -51, -53, -56, -66, -70, -73, -82).
‡Adjusted for age, ever had sexual intercourse, and place of birth in Rwanda, and for ever had sexual intercourse only in Bhutan.
§Entire baseline group compared with entire repeat group.
¶Unvaccinated baseline group compared with entire repeat group.
#Unvaccinated baseline group compared with vaccinated repeat group.

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Page created: November 03, 2020
Page updated: December 21, 2020
Page reviewed: December 21, 2020
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