Volume 27, Number 10—October 2021
Research
Bloodstream Infection Risk, Incidence, and Deaths for Hospitalized Patients during Coronavirus Disease Pandemic
Bhavarth S. Shukla
, Prem R. Warde, Eric Knott, Sebastian Arenas, Darryl Pronty, Reinaldo Ramirez, Arely Rego, Miriam Levy, Martin Zak, Dipen J. Parekh, Tanira Ferreira, and Hayley B. Gershengorn
, Prem R. Warde, Eric Knott, Sebastian Arenas, Darryl Pronty, Reinaldo Ramirez, Arely Rego, Miriam Levy, Martin Zak, Dipen J. Parekh, Tanira Ferreira, and Hayley B. Gershengorn
Table 3
Subgroup analysis of clinical variables in patients who had COVID-19 and bloodstream infection risk, incidence, and deaths for hospitalized patients during coronavirus disease pandemic, Miami, Florida, USA, March 25‒October 27, 2020*
| Characteristic |
LCBI |
LCBI HAI |
CLABSI |
|||||
| OR (95% CI) |
p value |
OR (95% CI) |
p value |
OR (95% CI) |
p value |
|||
| Sex | ||||||||
| M | 1.84 (0.96‒3.61) | 0.068 | 2.09 (1.07‒4.23) | 0.034 | 3.50 (1.29‒10.7) | 0.019 | ||
| F |
0.54 (0.28‒1.04) |
0.068 |
0.48 (0.24‒0.93) |
0.034 |
0.29 (0.09‒0.77) |
0.019 |
||
| Age, y |
0.97 (0.94‒1.00) |
0.03 |
0.97 (0.94‒1.00) |
0.029 |
0.99 (0.94‒1.03) |
0.6 |
||
| BMI, kg/m2 |
0.99 (0.94‒1.04) |
0.7 |
0.99 (0.95‒1.05) |
0.8 |
0.98 (0.91‒1.05) |
0.5 |
||
| Comorbidity index |
1.00 (0.98‒1.03) |
0.9 |
1.00 (0.97‒1.02) |
0.8 |
0.97 (0.93‒1.00) |
0.094 |
||
| Previous urethral catheter | 1.96 (0.75‒5.18) | 0.2 | 1.99 (0.74‒5.41) | 0.2 | 1.60 (0.28‒10.2) | 0.6 | ||
| Previous central line | 8.11 (2.40‒37.3) | 0.002 | 11.7 (2.94‒78.2) | 0.002 | NA | NA | ||
| Previous mechanical ventilation | 2.82 (0.91‒9.89) | 0.086 | 2.18 (0.70‒7.44) | 0.2 | ∞ (0.00‒∞) | >0.9 | ||
| Previous steroid treatment | 0.91 (0.40‒2.14) | 0.8 | 0.91 (0.39‒2.21) | 0.8 | 1.42 (0.35‒6.73) | 0.6 | ||
| Previous ICU admission | 2.47 (0.74‒7.61) | 0.12 | 3.56 (1.07‒11.5) | 0.034 | 0.00 (0.00‒∞) | >0.9 | ||
| Previous dialysis |
1.01 (0.46‒2.14) |
>0.9 |
0.95 (0.43‒2.07) |
>0.9 |
0.59 (0.20‒1.68) |
0.3 |
||
| Prone positioning |
1.09 (0.49‒2.37) |
0.8 |
1.21 (0.55‒2.69) |
0.6 |
2.02 (0.64‒6.97) |
0.2 |
||
| Remdesivir treatment | 1.58 (0.78‒3.24) | 0.2 | 1.58 (0.76‒3.32) | 0.2 | 1.29 (0.45‒3.77) | 0.6 | ||
| Tocilizumab treatment |
1.29 (0.42‒3.77) |
0.6 |
1.23 (0.39‒3.62) |
0.7 |
1.10 (0.25‒4.44) |
0.9 |
||
| SOFA score imputed | 1.00 (0.86‒1.14) | >0.9 | 0.96 (0.82‒1.10) | 0.6 | 0.083 (0.63‒1.03) | 0.12 | ||
*Model also adjusted for race/ethnicity and payer (these variables had no major association with outcomes). BMI, body mass index; CLABSI, central line‒associated bloodstream infection; ICU, intensive care unit; LCBI, laboratory‒confirmed bloodstream infection; NA, not applicable; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment.
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