Volume 28, Number 1—January 2022
Research
Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Associated with Death, South Africa, 2012–2018
Table 2
Variable |
No. (%) patients |
||
Total IPD cases, N = 4,272 |
Total <15 y, n = 1,095 |
Total >15 y, n = 3,177 |
|
Serotype† | |||
4 | 223 (5.2) | 15 (1.4) | 208 (6.6) |
6B | 64 (1.5) | 30 (2.7) | 34 (1.1) |
9V | 41 (1.0) | 10 (0.9) | 31 (1.0) |
14 | 77 (1.8) | 23 (2.1) | 54 (1.7) |
18C | 48 (1.1) | 11 (1.0) | 37 (1.2) |
19F | 178 (4.2) | 69 (6.3) | 109 (3.4) |
23F | 136 (3.2) | 57 (5.2) | 79 (2.5) |
1 | 282 (6.6) | 80 (7.3) | 202 (6.4) |
3 | 290 (6.8) | 39 (3.6) | 251 (7.9) |
5 | 28 (0.7) | 14 (1.3) | 14 (0.4) |
6A | 121 (2.8) | 34 (3.1) | 87 (2.8) |
7F | 81 (1.9) | 2 (0.2) | 79 (2.5) |
19A | 379 (8.9) | 73 (6.7) | 306 (9.6) |
2 | 2 (0.1) | 0 | 2 (0.1) |
8 | 507 (11.9) | 153 (14.0) | 354 (11.1) |
9N | 127 (3.0) | 15 (1.4) | 112 (3.5) |
10A | 121 (2.8) | 37 (3.4) | 84 (2.6) |
11A | 48 (1.1) | 14 (1.3) | 34 (1.1) |
12F | 375 (8.8) | 68 (6.2) | 307 (9.7) |
15B/C | 146 (3.4) | 66 (6.0) | 80 (2.5) |
17F | 113 (2.7) | 26 (2.4) | 87 (2.7) |
20 | 19 (0.4) | 6 (0.6) | 13 (0.4) |
22F | 111 (2.6) | 12 (1.1) | 99 (3.1) |
33F | 17 (0.4) | 6 (0.6) | 11 (0.4) |
16F | 178 (4.2) | 57 (5.2) | 121 (3.8) |
15A | 154 (3.6) | 50 (4.6) | 104 (3.3) |
13 | 91 (2.1) | 20 (1.8) | 71 (2.2) |
7C | 86 (2.0) | 27 (2.5) | 59 (1.7) |
35B | 105 (2.5) | 53 (4.8) | 52 (1.6) |
23A | 80 (1.9) | 18 (1.6) | 62 (2.0) |
6C |
44 (1.0) |
10 (0.9) |
34 (1.1) |
Specimen | |||
CSF | 1,223 (28.6) | 328 (30.0) | 895 (28.2) |
Blood | 2,728 (63.9) | 697 (63.7) | 2,031 (63.9) |
Other |
321 (7.5) |
70 (6.4) |
251 (7.9) |
Diagnosis | |||
Bacteremia without focus | 319 (7.5) | 94 (8.6) | 225 (7.1) |
Lower respiratory tract infection | 2,352 (55.1) | 551 (50.3) | 1,801 (56.7) |
Meningitis‡ | 4,439 (33.7) | 400 (36.5) | 1,039 (32.7) |
Other |
162 (3.6) |
50 (4.6) |
112 (3.5) |
In-hospital outcome | |||
Died |
1,369 (32.1) |
242 (22.1) |
1,127 (35.5) |
Underlying conditions§ | 1,352 (31.7) | 428 (39.1) | 924 (29.1) |
*Data from GERMS-SA (https://www.nicd.ac.za/germs) enhanced surveillance sites. †Serotypes appear in order of vaccine. The first 7 are in the PCV7 vaccine, the first 13 are in the PCV13 vaccine, the first 23 in the PPSV23 vaccine, and the rest are not included in a current vaccine. ‡Meningitis cases include those diagnosed with meningitis and those with both meningitis and lower respiratory tract infections. §Predisposing conditions defined as any one or more of the following: burns, chronic lung disease (including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, cystic fibrosis), chronic liver disease, chronic renal disease, cardiac conditions (including valvular disease and heart failure), stroke, neuromuscular diseases, cerebral palsy, metabolic diseases (including diabetes mellitus), head injury, surgery, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, ventricular shunts, cochlear implants, primary immunodeficiency conditions, complement deficiency, immunosuppression treatment (steroids/chemo/cancer treatment),protein-energy malnutrition, functional or anatomic asplenia (including sickle cell disease), malignancy, organ transplant, chromosomal conditions (including Down syndrome), prematurity and aplastic anemia.