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Volume 28, Number 1—January 2022
Research

Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among US Healthcare Personnel, May–December 2020

Nora CheaComments to Author , Cedric J. Brown, Taniece Eure, Rebecca Alkis Ramirez, Gregory Blazek, Austin R. Penna, Ruoran Li, Christopher A. Czaja, Helen Johnston, Devra Barter, Betsy Feighner Miller, Kathleen Angell, Kristen E. Marshall, Ashley Fell, Sara Lovett, Sarah Lim, Ruth Lynfield, Sarah Shrum Davis, Erin C. Phipps, Marla Sievers, Ghinwa Dumyati, Cathleen Concannon, Kathryn McCullough, Amy Woods, Sandhya Seshadri, Christopher Myers, Rebecca Pierce, Valerie L.S. Ocampo, Judith A. Guzman-Cottrill, Gabriela Escutia, Monika Samper, Nicola D. Thompson, Shelley S. Magill, and Cheri T. Grigg
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (N. Chea, C.J. Brown, T. Eure, R.A. Ramirez, G. Blazek, A.R. Penna, R. Li, K.E. Marshall, N.D. Thompson, S.S. Magill, C.T. Grigg); Chenega Professional & Technical Services, LLC, Chesapeake, Virginia, USA (C.J. Brown, T. Eure); Chenega Enterprise Systems & Solutions, LLC, Chesapeake (G. Blazek); Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA (C.A. Czaja, H. Johnston, D. Barter, B.F. Miller, K. Angell, K.E. Marshall); Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA (A. Fell, S. Lovett, S. Lim, R. Lynfield); University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA (S.S. Davis, E.C. Phipps); New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA (M. Sievers); University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA (G. Dumyati, C. Concannon, K. McCullough, A. Woods, S. Seshadri, C. Myers); Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon, USA (R. Pierce, V.L.S. Ocampo, J.A. Guzman-Cottrill, G. Escutia, M. Samper)

Main Article

Table 2

Multivariable conditional logistic regression model to identify activities and practices associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among US healthcare personnel who reported caring for COVID-19 patients in the workplace (model 2)*

Characteristic No. (%)
 amOR (95% CI)† p value
Cases, n = 105 Controls, n = 169
Participated in AGP
No, unknown, or missing 72 (68.6) 123 (72.8) Referent
Yes
 33 (31.4)
 47 (27.8)
 0.9 (0.4–2.0)
 0.84
Wore recommended personal protective equipment all the time during non-AGP COVID-19 patient care
No, unknown, or missing 67 (63.8) 110 (65.1) Referent
Yes
 38 (36.2)
 59 (34.9)
 0.9 (0.5–2.0)
 0.88
Assisted COVID-19 patients with activities of daily living
No 31 (29.5) 79 (46.8) Referent
Yes
 74 (70.5)
 90 (53.2)
 4.7 (1.7–12.7)
 0.003
Provided nonprocedure clinical care to COVID-19 patients
No 19 (18.1) 35 (20.7) Referent
Yes
 86 (81.9)
 134 (79.3)
 0.9 (0.3–2.6)
 0.88
Performed procedures on COVID-19 patients
No 56 (53.3) 84 (49.7) Referent
Yes
 49 (46.7)
 85 (50.3)
 0.6 (0.3–1.4)
 0.25
Performed environmental cleaning activities in COVID-19 patient care area
No 53 (50.5) 100 (59.2) Referent
Yes
 52 (49.5)
 69 (40.8)
 1.2 (0.5–2.8)
 0.69
Provided respiratory care to COVID-19 patients
No 51 (48.6) 88 (52.1) Referent
Yes
 54 (51.4)
 81 (47.9)
 0.8 (0.3–2.0)
 0.70
Performed administrative activities with COVID-19 patients
No 94 (89.5) 149 (88.2) Referent
Yes
 11 (10.5)
 20 (11.8)
 0.9 (0.3–3.2)
 0.90
Close contact with persons with COVID-19 outside the workplace
No, unknown, or missing 86 (81.9) 160 (94.7) Referent
Yes
 19 (18.1)
 9 (5.3)
 4.9 (1.7–13.9)
 0.003
Healthcare role
Registered nurse 39 (37.1) 69 (40.8) Referent
Administrative personnel 3 (2.9) 6 (3.6) 2.6 (0.3–24.8) 0.40
Nursing assistant or patient care technician 10 (9.5) 16 (9.5) 0.4 (0.1–1.6) 0.22
Physician 4 (3.8) 23 (13.6) 0.6 (0.1–3.7) 0.60
Medical assistant 3 (2.9) 4 (2.4) 1.7 (0.2–12.5) 0.60
Other role anticipated to have substantial patient contact 36 (34.3) 35 (20.7) 2.6 (1.1–6.5) 0.04
Other role anticipated to have moderate patient contact 6 (5.7) 10 (5.9) 1.3 (0.2–7.9) 0.75
Other role anticipated to have minimal patient contact 2 (1.9) 2 (1.2) 4.1 (0.2–78.4) 0.35
Other role with undefined level of patient contact
 2 (1.9)
 4 (2.4)
 0.7 (0.1–6.6)
 0.73
Race and ethnicity
White, non-Hispanic 63 (60.0) 102 (60.4) Referent
Hispanic or Latino 31 (29.5) 34 (20.1) 2.1 (0.9–4.8) 0.07
Asian, non-Hispanic 4 (3.8) 8 (4.7) 0.8 (0.2–3.8) 0.83
Black, non-Hispanic 3 (2.9) 6 (3.6) 0.7 (0.1–4.4) 0.73
Other or multiple races, non-Hispanic or race or ethnicity not reported
 4 (3.8)
 19 (11.2)
 0.29 (0.1–1.2)
 0.09
Any underlying condition(s)
No 26 (24.8) 62 (36.7) Referent
Yes
 79 (75.2)
 107 (63.3)
 2.5 (1.2–5.1)
 0.013
Age, y‡
<30 67 (63.8) 127 (75.2) Referent
>30 38 (36.2) 42 (24.8) 0.5 (0.2–0.9) 0.036

*AGP, aerosol-generating procedures; amOR, adjusted matched odds ratio; COVID-19, coronavirus disease. †Model included 274 HCP (105 cases and 169 controls). HCP were postmatched into 47 clusters, each cluster with >1 case and >1 control, and the largest cluster with 10 cases and 20 controls. ‡Age was not reported for 3 controls; these HCP were grouped as <30 y.

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Page created: November 10, 2021
Page updated: December 20, 2021
Page reviewed: December 20, 2021
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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