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Volume 28, Number 7—July 2022
Research

Nipah Virus Detection at Bat Roosts after Spillover Events, Bangladesh, 2012–2019

Clifton D. McKee1Comments to Author , Ausraful Islam1, Mohammed Ziaur Rahman, Salah Uddin Khan, Mahmudur Rahman, Syed M. Satter, Ariful Islam, Claude Kwe Yinda, Jonathan H. Epstein, Peter Daszak, Vincent J. Munster, Peter J. Hudson, Raina K. Plowright, Stephen P. Luby, and Emily S. Gurley
Author affiliations: Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (C.D. McKee, E.S. Gurley); icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh (Ausraful Islam, M.Z. Rahman, S.U. Khan, M. Rahman, S.M. Satter, E.S. Gurley); Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (M.Z. Rahman); Global Health Development/Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan (M.Z. Rahman); Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (Ariful Islam); EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, USA (Ariful Islam, J.H. Epstein, P. Daszak); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA (C.K. Yinda, V.J. Munster); Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA (P.J. Hudson); Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA (R.K. Plowright); Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA (S.P. Luby)

Main Article

Table

Nipah virus detection success from study of bat roosts after spillover events, Bangladesh, 2012–2019, compared with results from previous study*

Test ID
 Data from this study
Data from Epstein et al. (37)
 Statistical test results
Description
 No. positive/no tested (%)
 Description
 No. positive/no tested (%)
A
 Positive sampling visits based on pooled roost urine aliquots where >1 urine aliquot tested positive†
 11/47
(23%)
Positive sampling visits based on individual urine samples from longitudinal roosts where >1 individual urine sample tested positive
 5/18
(28%)
 OR = 0.84,‡ p = 0.76
B
 Positive roost urine aliquots from sampled roosts across 47 sampling visits†
 51/1,042
(4.9%)
Positive individual urine samples from longitudinal roosts across 18 sampling visits
 8/1,671
(0.48%)
 χ2 = 56.8, p<0.001
C
 Positive roost urine aliquots from the first visit to 23 sampled roosts†
 45/525
(8.6%)
Positive individual urine samples from 8 roosts from a cross-sectional spatial study across districts of Bangladesh
 0/555
(0%)
 χ2 = 47.5, p<0.001
D
 Positive roost urine aliquots from sampled roosts across 47 sampling visits†
 51/1042
(4.9%)
Positive roost urine aliquots from longitudinal roosts and cross-sectional roosts, excluding samples from outbreak investigations
 2/725
(0.28%)
 χ2 = 29.8, p<0.001
E Positive roost urine aliquots from sampled roosts across 47 sampling visits† 51/1042
(4.9%) Positive roost urine aliquots from outbreak investigations, n = 4 19/104 (18.3%) χ2 = 27.2, p<0.001

*ID, identification; OR, odds ratio. †Excludes the 7 roosts associated with 5 human cases that initially tested negative for Nipah virus. Statistical tests that included these samples produced similar results. ‡By Fisher exact test.

Main Article

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1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

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