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Volume 28, Number 9—September 2022
Research

Costs of Tuberculosis at 3 Treatment Centers, Canada, 2010–2016

Jonathon R. Campbell, Placide Nsengiyumva, Leslie Y. Chiang, Frances Jamieson, Hadeel Khadawardi, Henry K.-H. Mah, Olivia Oxlade, Hayden Rasberry, Elizabeth Rea, Kamila Romanowski, Natasha F. Sabur, Beate Sander, Aashna Uppal, James C. Johnston, Kevin SchwartzmanComments to Author , and Sarah K. Brode
Author affiliations: McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (J.R. Campbell, P. Nsengiyumva, O. Oxlade, A. Uppal, K. Schwartzman); Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal (J.R. Campbell, P. Nsengiyumva, H. Rasberry, A. Uppal, K. Schwartzman); McGill International TB Centre, Montreal (J.R. Campbell, O. Oxlade, K. Schwartzman); British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (L.Y. Chiang, K. Romanowski, J.C. Johnston); University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (F. Jamieson, E. Rea, B. Sander, S.K. Brode); Public Health Ontario, Toronto (F. Jamieson, B. Sander); West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto (H. Khadawardi, H.K.-H. Mah, N.F. Sabur, S.K. Brode); Toronto Public Health, Toronto (E. Rea); University of British Columbia, Vancouver (K. Romanowski, J.C. Johnston); St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto (N.F. Sabur); University Health Network, Toronto (B. Sander, S.K. Brode); Montreal Chest Institute, Montreal (K. Schwartzman)

Main Article

Table 1

Characteristics of patients initiating treatment for different forms of TB at 3 treatment centers, Canada, July 2010–June 2016*

Characteristic No. (%)
TB infection, n = 90 DS TB, n = 90 INHR TB, n = 71 MDR TB, n = 62
TB treatment center, province
British Columbia Centre for Disease Control 30 (33) 30 (33) 30 (42) 11 (18)
West Park Healthcare Centre, Ontario 30 (33) 30 (33) 27 (38) 45 (73)
Montreal Chest Institute, Quebec
30 (33)
30 (33)
14 (20)
6 (9)
Year of treatment initiation
2010–2011 0 (0) 0 (0) 12 (17) 10 (16)
2012–2013 1 (1) 0 (0) 13 (18) 19 (31)
2014 15 (17) 1 (1) 20 (28) 15 (24)
2015 42 (47) 57 (64) 22 (31) 13 (21)
2016
32 (35)
32 (35)
4 (6)
5 (8)
Age
Median (IQR) age, y
36 (31–49)
43 (30–62)
44 (31–61)
32 (27–47)
Sex
F 55 (61) 50 (56) 38 (54) 34 (55)
M
35 (39)
40 (44)
33 (46)
28 (45)
Nativity
Born in Canada 11 (12) 10 (11) 9 (13) 5 (8)
Born outside Canada
79 (88)
80 (89)
62 (87)
57 (92)
HIV status
Positive 0 1 (1) 0 (0) 1 (2)
Negative 33 (37) 69 (77) 12 (17) 59 (95)
Unknown
57 (63)
20 (22)
59 (83)
2 (3)
Diabetes
Has diabetes 12 (13) 13 (14) 10 (14) 10 (16)
Does not have diabetes 74 (82) 75 (83) 60 (85) 52 (84)
Unknown
4 (4)
2 (2)
1 (1)
0
Hospitalization Information
Hospitalized 0 46 (51) 47 (66) 60 (97)
Median (IQR) duration, d
NA
24 (9–36)
23 (17–69)
99 (66–159)
Treatment information
Median (IQR) duration, mo 5.8 (4.0–9.0) 8.9 (6.1–9.6) 11.7 (9.1–16.7) 21.2 (20.0–24.7)
Had to stop >1 drug because of adverse event 7 (8) 38 (42) 29 (41) 52 (84)
Median (IQR) drugs stopped because of adverse event
0 (0–0)
0 (0–1)
0 (0–1)
2 (1–3)
Cure or treatment complete 77 (86) 83 (92) 63 (89) 49 (79)
Incomplete treatment
13 (14)
7 (8)
8 (11)
13 (21)
Clinical characteristics
Pulmonary TB only NA 68 (76) 51 (72) 47 (76)
Extrapulmonary TB NA 22 (24) 20 (28) 15 (24)
AFB smear positive NA 47 (52) 35 (49) 22 (35)
Cavities on chest x-ray
NA
30 (33)
21 (30)
15 (24)
Public health characteristics
Used directly observed therapy NA 32 (36) 33 (46) 54 (86)
Mean (range) no. contacts NA 4 (0–30) 8 (0–224) 4 (0–97)

*Data are no. (%) except as indicated. AFB, acid-fast bacilli; DS, drug-susceptible; INHR, isoniazid-resistant; IQR, interquartile range; MDR, multidrug-resistant; NA, not applicable; TB, tuberculosis.

Main Article

Page created: July 05, 2022
Page updated: August 19, 2022
Page reviewed: August 19, 2022
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