Volume 29, Number 1—January 2023
Research
Risk for Severe COVID-19 Outcomes among Persons with Intellectual Disabilities, the Netherlands
Monique C.J. Koks-Leensen
, Bianca W.M. Schalk, Esther J. Bakker-van Gijssel, Aura Timen, Masha E. Nägele, Milou van den Bemd, Geraline L. Leusink, Maarten Cuypers, and Jenneken Naaldenberg
, Bianca W.M. Schalk, Esther J. Bakker-van Gijssel, Aura Timen, Masha E. Nägele, Milou van den Bemd, Geraline L. Leusink, Maarten Cuypers, and Jenneken Naaldenberg
Table 1
Characteristics and outcomes for 2,586 persons included in a study of risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes among persons with intellectual disabilities, the Netherlands*
| Characteristics | Mild illness, n = 2,326 | Severe illness, n = 161 | Died, n = 99† | Total, n = 2,586 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, no. (%), n = 2,525 | ||||
| M | 1,315 (58.0) | 103 (64.0) | 58 (59.2) | 1,476 (58.5) |
| F |
951 (42.0) |
58 (36.0) |
40 (40.8) |
1,049 (41.5) |
| Median age, y (IQR), n = 2,519 |
49 (32.0–61.0) |
61 (52.0–67.5) |
68 (61.0–76.0) |
51 (34–62) |
| Age groups, no. (%), n = 2,519 | ||||
| 0–17 y | 81 (3.6) | 0 | 1 (1.0) | 82 (3.3) |
| 18–39 y | 721 (31.9) | 16 (9.9) | 2 (2.0) | 739 (29.3) |
| 40–49 y | 330 (14.6) | 16 (9.9) | 4 (4.0) | 350 (13.9) |
| 50–59 y | 491 (21.7) | 44 (27.3) | 16 (16.2) | 551 (21.9) |
| 60–69 y | 399 (17.7) | 57 (35.4) | 32 (32.3) | 488 (19.4) |
| >70 y |
237 (10.5) |
28 (17.4) |
44 (44.4) |
309 (12.3) |
| Long term care type, no. (%) | ||||
| Group home | 1,853 (79.7) | 132 (82.0) | 82 (82.8) | 2,067 (79.9) |
| Independent living | 349 (15.0) | 28 (17.4) | 16 (16.2) | 393 (15.2) |
| Other or unknown |
124 (5.3) |
1 (0.6) |
1 (1.0) |
126 (4.9) |
| Disability level, no. (%), n = 2,468 | ||||
| Borderline to mild | 632 (28.5) | 49 (31.2) | 18 (18.9) | 699 (28.3) |
| Moderate | 798 (36.0) | 47 (29.9) | 42 (44.2) | 887 (35.9) |
| Severe to profound |
786 (35.5) |
61 (38.9) |
35 (36.8) |
882 (35.7) |
| Disability etiology, no. (%) | ||||
| Down syndrome |
141 (6.1) |
20 (12.4) |
15 (15.2) |
176 (6.8) |
| No. concurrent conditions (%) | ||||
| None reported | 1,383 (59.5) | 62 (38.5) | 40 (40.4) | 1,485 (57.4) |
| 1 reported | 650 (27.9) | 54 (33.5) | 31 (31.3) | 735 (28.4) |
| >1 reported |
293 (12.6) |
45 (28.0) |
28 (28.3) |
366 (14.2) |
| Concurrent conditions, no. (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 117 (5.0) | 19 (11.8) | 15 (15.2) | 151 (5.8) |
| Hypertension | 159 (6.8) | 20 (12.4) | 16 (16.2) | 195 (7.5) |
| Heart disease | 95 (4.1) | 11 (6.8) | 14 (14.1) | 120 (4.6) |
| Lung disease; asthma, COPD, or both | 57 (2.5) | 13 (8.1) | 9 (9.1) | 79 (3.1) |
| Epilepsy | 229 (9.8) | 25 (15.5) | 14 (14.1) | 268 (10.4) |
| Overweight, body mass index >25 kg/m2 | 587 (25.2) | 67 (41.6) | 24 (24.2) | 678 (26.2) |
*All persons included in the study had intellectual disabilities and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR. Category totals do not always add up to column totals because of missing responses; percentages are based on variable totals per category. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IQR, interquartile range. †Case-fatality ratio 3.8%.
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