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Volume 29, Number 2—February 2023
Synopsis

Changing Disease Course of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Children, Turkey

Pembe Derin Oygar1, Sibel Laçinel Gürlevik, Erdal Sağ, Sare İlbay, Tekin Aksu, Osman Oğuz Demir, Yasemin Coşgun, Selin Aytaç Eyüpoğlu, Jale Karakaya, Şule Ünal Cangül, Ali Bülent Cengiz, and Yasemin ÖzsürekciComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (P.D. Oygar, S.L. Gürlevik, E. Sağ, T. Aksu, O.O. Demir, S.A. Eyüpoğlu, J. Karakaya, Ş.Ü. Cangül, A.B. Cengiz, Y. Özsürekci); İhsan Doğramacı Children’s Hospital, Ankara (P.D. Oygar, S.L. Gürlevik, T. Aksu, O.O. Demir, S.A. Eyüpoğlu, Ş.Ü. Cangül, A.B. Cengiz, Y. Özsürekci); Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara (E. Sağ); Hacettepe University Rheumatology Translational Medicine Laboratories, Ankara (S. İlbay); General Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Microbiology Reference and Biological Materials Laboratory, Ankara (Y. Coşgun)

Main Article

Table 3

Median cytokine/chemokine levels of 9 pediatric case-patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and 11 healthy controls, Turkey*

Cytokine/ chemokine 1st time interval, pg/mL (range) p value† 2nd time interval, pg/mL (range) p value† 3rd time interval, pg/mL (range) p value† Controls, pg/mL (range)
IL-1β
 31.19
(0–246.51)
 0.94
 76.97
(0–259.83)
 0.0014
50.10
(7.99–300.16)
 0.5019
49.13
(0–743.64)
INF-α
 105.88
(22.68–239.73)
 <0.0001
26.03
(8.95–94.97)
 0.0031
20.26
(99.08–26.45)
 0.0057
6.98
(2.43–25.41)
INF-γ
 36.03
(16.94–106.43)
 0.0097
44.07
(9.59–157.74)
 0.0097
32.99
(13.91–286.60)
 0.0200
8.33
(1.89–39.78)
TNF-α
 7.10
(0–29.84)
 0.1747
31.51
(5.77–105.14)
 0.6556
30.90
(14.22–290.76)
 0.1519
10.74
(0–200.89)
MCCL2
 1,947.00
(638.74–3,342.00)
 0.0125
 487.64
(247.30–4,974.00)
 0.2947
 396.94
(212.85–1,477.00)
 0.0674
 893.33
(477.73–1,101.00)
IL-6
115.30
(13.58–808.78)
 0.0674
51.08
(13.19–717.75)
 0.1308
39.87
(14.27–266.12)
 0.1754
21.99
(2.92–1,297.00)
CXCL8
372.79
(35.34–4,712.00)
 0.3312
130.62
(30.35–3,265.00)
 0.6556
11.60
(61.16–3,619.00)
 0.8238
116.79
(0–26,173.00)
IL-10
 144.98
(16.73–1,194)
 0.0005
223.72
(161.65–1,355.00)
 <0.0001
146.44
(68.54–545.34)
 <0.0001
14.46
(0–40.00)
IL-12p70
 5.74
(0–20.37)
 0.8662
9.46
(3.59–86.07)
 0.2299
11.42
(5.38–70.99)
 0.1119
5.72
(0–18.11)
IL-17α
 0.41
(0–4.59)
 0.6406
2.05
(0.19–7.97)
 0.4893
1.36
(0.16–395.36)
 0.4893
0.67
(0–6.16)
IL-18
 2,862
(857.42–4,179.00)
 0.0012
1,208
(55.17–3,818.00)
 0.0012
1,124.00
(623.86–6,374.00)
 0.0381
66.79
(299.29–1,779.00)
IL-23
 10.66
(2.63–38.06)
 0.5508
31.85
(6.05–43.74)
 0.1302
23.51
(6.59–171.03)
 0.1513
7.02
(0–54.01)
IL-33
 33.06
(0–273.62)
 0.6550
75.26
(29.76–496.32)
 0.0251
147.45
(36.87–500.62)
 0.0057
19.41
(0–161.00)
CXCL10
 3,495.00
(1,677.00–5,475.00)
 <0.0001
1,674.00
(1,336.00–3,975.00)
 <0.0001
1,798.00
(972.37–2,620.00)
 <0.0001
215.35
(123.96–396.45)
CCL11
 244.95
(81.83–352.51)
 >0.9999
142.16
(90.23–237.45)
 0.0310
182.57
(72.10–260.51)
 0.0952
219.07
(100.08–452.04)
CCL17
 99.34
(62.75–175.50)
 <0.0001
101.56
(54.95–209.21)
 <0.0001
112.09
(26.97–258.12)
 <0.0001
766.77
(321.96–1,897.00)
RANTES
 3,727.00
(2,357.00–4,642.00)
 0.3455
2,849.00
(1,674.00–4,642.00)
 0.0139
2,045.00
(709.44–4,642.00)
 0.0048
161.00
(161.00)
MIP-1
 95.90
(0–236.97)
 0.7609
44.72
(0–2,605.00)
 0.3269
124.29
(0–1,638.00)
 0.1718
15.05
(0–2,112.00)
MIG
 471.00 
(296.89–791.29)
 0.6027
369.51
(214.11–759.69)
 0.7664
660.36
(292.87–851.42)
 0.1119
382.81
(249.06–3,035.00)
CXCL5
 203.91
(59.04–471.44)
 <0.0001
119.60
(35.72–441.08)
 <0.0001
103.63
(19.16–591.52)
 <0.0001
1,209.00
(467.16–1,875.00)
MIP-3α
 130.05
(2.55–231.59)
 0.0310
80.30
(18.10–396.55)
 0.2014
46.17
(14.45–329.60)
 0.2947
41.81
(4.87–156.68)
GRO-α
 218.75
(53.5–481.01)
 0.0251
131.41
(65.77–437.74)
 0.0008
145.73
(65.98–441.94)
 0.0016
370.46
(260.79–805.93)
CXCL11
 1,332.00
(506.05–6,571.00)
 <0.0001
 338.10
(127.82–926.57)
 <0.0001
315.48
(178.08–515.34)
 <0.0001
50.29
(24.06–124.47)
MIP-1β 50.36
(26.79–272.66)		 0.7103 28.82
(13.30–300.44)		 0.2610 26.87
(9.81–405.40)		 0.2610 44.54
(13.26–406.35)

*First time interval, 68–72 h after baseline; second, 120–132 h; third, 156–180 h. Bold indicates significance. CCL, CC chemokine ligand; CXCL, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; IL, interleukin; INF, interferon; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; IP, IFN-γ-inducible protein; TARC, hymus- and activation-regulated chemokine; RANTES, regulated upon activation, normal t cell expressed and presumably secreted; MIP, macrophage inflammatory proteins; MIG, monokine-induced γ interferon; ENA, epithelial neutrophil-activating; GRO, growth related protein; I-TAC, interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant.

Main Article

1Current affiliation: Nicosia State Hospital, Burhan Nalbantoglu General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Page created: December 07, 2022
Page updated: January 21, 2023
Page reviewed: January 21, 2023
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