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Volume 29, Number 6—June 2023
Synopsis

Association of Persistent Symptoms after Lyme Neuroborreliosis and Increased Levels of Interferon-α in Blood

Sergio A. Hernández, Katarina Ogrinc, Miša Korva, Andrej Kastrin, Petra Bogovič, Tereza Rojko, Keith W. Kelley, Janis J. Weis, Franc Strle, and Klemen StrleComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (S.A. Hernández, K. Strle); New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA (S.A. Hernández, K. Strle); University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (K. Ogrinc, P. Bogovič, T. Rojko, F. Strle}; University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana (M. Korva, A. Kastrin); University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA (K.W. Kelley); University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (J.J. Weis)

Main Article

Table 3

Association of inflammatory mediators in cerebrospinal fluid and serum at study entry with posttreatment Lyme disease symptoms 6 or 12 mo after acute illness for association of persistent symptoms after Lyme neuroborreliosis and increased levels of interferon-α in blood, Slovenia*

Mediator
 Cerebrospinal fluid, n = 67
Serum, n = 78
Median (range) PTLDS, pg/mL, 
n = 24
 Median (range) 
no PTLDS, pg/mL, 
n = 43
 p value†
 Median (range) PTLDS, pg/mL, 
n = 27
 Median (range) 
no PTLDS, pg/mL, n = 51
 p value†
Innate
IFN-α 10 (0–64) 3 (0–64) 0.8 18 (0–187) 2 (0–129) 0.05
IL-6 3 (1–73) 8 (0–146) 0.9 1 (1–234) 1 (0–115) 1
IL-10 127 (22–1,288) 168 (18–860) 0.9 32 (1–381) 20 (0–2,159) 0.5
IL-8 4 (0–241) 6 (0–422) 0.8 1 (0–7) 1 (0–40) 0.5
TNF 9 (0–98) 10 (0–150) 0.9 17 (7–164) 20 (2–385) 0.4
CCL2 985 (223–48,494) 1,111 (311–6,099) 0.9 697 (245–1,234) 650 (60–1,579) 0.6
CCL3 45 (1–95) 50 (1–107) 0.8 24 (1–268) 26 (1–1,310) 0.8
CCL4
 29 (1–787)
 29 (1–105)
 1
154 (65–1,405)
 116 (29–2,567)
 0.4
TH1 adaptive
IFN-γ 3 (0–193) 2 (0–30) 0.9 3 (0–349) 1 (0–24) 0.3
CXCL9 1,524 (29–21,800) 2,370 (14–37,051) 0.9 916 (433–3,819) 1,396 (49–26,310) 0.7
CXCL10 10,410 (260–118,875) 17,794 (137–139,804) 0.9 555 (231–4,484) 622 (66–3,422) 0.8
CXCL11 74 (2–2,645) 86 (1–1,194) 0.9 10 (1–151) 66 (2–534) 0.05
CCL19 68 (10–1,062) 53 (10–1,598) 0.9 31 (10–484) 74 (10–939) 0.05
IL-12p70
 1 (1–17)
 3 (1–12)
 0.9
3 (1–1,486)
 1 (1–21)
 0.2
TH17 adaptive
IL-17a 10 (5–25) 8 (4–21) 0.8 6 (1–347) 4 (1–13) 0.1
IL-21 3 (3–10) 3 (3–11) 0.9 3 (3–10) 3 (3–229) 0.05
IL-23 3 (3–47) 3 (3–498) 0.9 22 (0–931) 9 (0–13,296) 0.8
CCL21
 563 (376–804)
 530 (312–927)
 0.9
98 (20–989)
 95 (20–1,473)
 0.8
B-cell adaptive
CXCL12 4,384 (98–27,479) 2,950 (98–24,080) 0.9 2,882 (98–9,061) 2,868 (98–16,039) 0.8
CXCL13 272 (5–107,723) 114 (5–50,000) 0.8 24 (5–123) 18 (5–172) 0.6

*Bold indicates statistically significant p values. CCL, CC motif chemokine ligand; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CXCL, CXC motif chemokine ligand; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; PTLDS, posttreatment Lyme disease symptoms; TNF, tumor necrosis factor. †Benjamini-Hochberg corrected (false discovery rate = 0.05).

Main Article

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Page updated: May 17, 2023
Page reviewed: May 17, 2023
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