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Volume 29, Number 6—June 2023

Synopsis

Association of Persistent Symptoms after Lyme Neuroborreliosis and Increased Levels of Interferon-α in Blood

Sergio A. Hernández, Katarina Ogrinc, Miša Korva, Andrej Kastrin, Petra Bogovič, Tereza Rojko, Keith W. Kelley, Janis J. Weis, Franc Strle, and Klemen StrleComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (S.A. Hernández, K. Strle); New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA (S.A. Hernández, K. Strle); University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (K. Ogrinc, P. Bogovič, T. Rojko, F. Strle}; University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana (M. Korva, A. Kastrin); University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA (K.W. Kelley); University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (J.J. Weis)

Main Article

Table 4

Cytokine and chemokine levels at study entry vs 3 mo in cerebrospinal fluid and serum for association of persistent symptoms after Lyme neuroborreliosis and increased levels of interferon-α in blood, Slovenia*

Mediator
 Cerebrospinal fluid
Serum
T = 0, median 
(range), pg/mL, 
n = 67
 T = 3, median (range), pg/mL, 
n = 64
 p value†
 T = 0, median (range), pg/mL, 
n = 78
 T = 3, median (range), pg/mL, 
n = 74
 p value†
Innate
IFN-α 3 (0–64) 1 (0–19) 0.0005 2 (0–187) 2 (0–158) 0.7
IL-6 7 (0–146) 1 (0–1) 0.6 1 (0–234) 1 (0–88) 0.0007
IL-8 144 (18–1,288) 1 (0–1) 0.001 1 (0–40) 15 (1–1,700) 0.0007
IL-10 6 (0–422) 31 (13–107) 0.4 23 (0–2,159) 1 (0–3) 0.2
TNF 10 (0–150) 2 (0–20) 0.001 20 (2–385) 19 (2–278) 0.8
CCL2 1,096 (223–48,494) 719 (241–1,889) 0.001 668 (60–1,579) 688 (287–7,311) 0.4
CCL3 49 (1–107) 38 (1–87) 0.001 25 (1–1,310) 21 (1–1,080) 0.8
CCL4
 29 (1–787)
 11 (1–35)
 0.001
127 (29–2,567)
 129 (33–1,223)
 0.8
TH1 adaptive
IFN-γ 2 (0–193) 1 (0–11) 0.003 3 (0–349) 1 (0–32) 0.8
CXCL9 2,274 (14–37,051) 117 (1–1,997) 0.001 1,175 (49–26,310) 853 (110–20,472) 0.03
CXCL10 16,920 (137–139,804) 905 (201–16,407) 0.001 600 (66–4,484) 439 (50–6,221) 0.03
CXCL11 80 (1–2,640) 10 (1–86) 0.001 45 (1–534) 46 (1–499) 0.9
CCL19 55 (10–1,598) 10 (3–362) 0.001 54 (10–939) 73 (7–1,730) 0.7
IL-12p70
 3 (1–17)
 1 (1–3)
 0.001
3 (1–1,486)
 3 (1–45)
 0.2
TH17 adaptive
IL-17a 9 (4–25) 7 (3–11) 0.001 4 (0–347) 5 (1–64) 0.9
IL-21 3 (3–11) 20 (1–20) 0.009 3 (3–229) 20 (3–41) 0.0007
IL-23 3 (3–408) 49 (0–85) 0.003 13 (0–13,296) 49 (0–2,123) 0.005
CCL21
 530 (312–927)
 530 (256–1,222)
 0.001
97 (20–1,473)
 98 (20–1,323)
 0.9
B-cell adaptive
CXCL12 3,760 (98–27,479) 1,953 (98–6,880) 0.2 2,875 (98–16,039) 2,875 (98–16,039) 0.8
CXCL13 187 (1–107,723) 4 (1–62) 0.001 18 (5–172) 13 (1–151) 0.2

*Bold indicates statistically significant p values. CCL, CC motif chemokine ligand; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CXCL, CXC motif chemokine ligand; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; T, timepoint (0 indicates baseline); TNF, tumor necrosis factor. †Benjamini-Hochberg corrected (false discovery rate = 0.05).

Main Article

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Page updated: May 17, 2023
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