Volume 29, Number 9—September 2023
Research
Interspecies Transmission of Swine Influenza A Viruses and Human Seasonal Vaccine-Mediated Protection Investigated in Ferret Model
Figure 1

Figure 1. Outlines of 2 studies using ferret model to investigate interspecies transmission of swine influenza A viruses and human seasonal vaccine-mediated protection. A) Study 1 investigated the transmission ability of the A/Pavia/65/2016 (H1avN1) isolate in the ferret model of human infection. In 2 replicates, ferrets (n = 2) were intranasally inoculated and then cohoused with ferrets in direct contact (n = 2) and another group of ferrets (n = 2) separated by a perforated double divider to enable airborne exposure to respiratory droplets. B) Study 2 assessed airborne respiratory droplet transmission of 2 viruses from pigs to ferrets. In separate rooms, 2 groups of pigs (n = 5) were inoculated with either A/Pavia/65/2016 H1avN1 or A/swine/England/1353/2009 (H1pdmN1) virus and cohoused with naive (n = 5) and human seasonal 2016–17 influenza vaccine prime-boost–vaccinated ferrets (n = 5). Symbols on the timeline represent samples taken. dpc, days postcontact; dpi, days postinoculation; dpv, days postvaccination; PM, postmortem examination; RD, respiratory droplet.