Volume 29, Number 9—September 2023
Research
Interspecies Transmission of Swine Influenza A Viruses and Human Seasonal Vaccine-Mediated Protection Investigated in Ferret Model
Figure 3
![Nasal shedding of viral RNA monitored in pigs intranasally inoculated with influenza A virus strains A/swine/England/1353/2009 (H1pdmN1) (A) or A/Pavia/65/2016 (H1avN1) (B) and in naive or vaccinated ferrets cohoused in the same airspace as inoculated pigs. Viral RNA was quantified by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR in longitudinal nasal samples collected daily until 14 dpi (pigs) or 14 dpc (ferrets) and is expressed as REU based on an RNA quantification standard prepared from the corresponding virus stock. In vaccinated ferrets (n = 4) exposed to the H1pdmN1 strain, nasal shedding of viral RNA between 6 dpc and 12 dpc was significantly different from the naive ferret group (p<0.05). Results for the remaining ferret in this group are shown as outlier data (hollow green circles). dpc, days postcontact; dpi, days postinoculation; REU, relative equivalent unit; TCID50, 50% tissue culture infectious dose.](/eid/images/23-0066-F3.jpg)
Figure 3. Nasal shedding of viral RNA monitored in pigs intranasally inoculated with influenza A virus strains A/swine/England/1353/2009 (H1pdmN1) (A) or A/Pavia/65/2016 (H1avN1) (B) and in naive or vaccinated ferrets cohoused in the same airspace as inoculated pigs. Viral RNA was quantified by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR in longitudinal nasal samples collected daily until 14 dpi (pigs) or 14 dpc (ferrets) and is expressed as REU based on an RNA quantification standard prepared from the corresponding virus stock. In vaccinated ferrets (n = 4) exposed to the H1pdmN1 strain, nasal shedding of viral RNA between 6 dpc and 12 dpc was significantly different from the naive ferret group (p<0.05). Results for the remaining ferret in this group are shown as outlier data (hollow green circles). dpc, days postcontact; dpi, days postinoculation; REU, relative equivalent unit; TCID50, 50% tissue culture infectious dose.