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Volume 30, Number 11—November 2024
Research Letter

Wastewater Surveillance for Norovirus, California, USA

Alexander T. Yu1, Elisabeth Burnor1Comments to Author , Angela Rabe, Sarah Rutschmann, Marlene K. Wolfe, Jessie Burmester, Chao-Yang Pan, Alice Chen, Hugo Guevara, Christina Morales, Debra A. Wadford, Alexandria B. Boehm, and Duc J. Vugia
Author affiliation: California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA (A.T. Yu, E. Burnor, A. Rabe, S. Rutschmann, C.-Y. Pan, A. Chen, H. Guevara, C. Morales, D.A. Wadford, D.J. Vugia); Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (M.K. Wolfe); County of San Luis Obispo Public Health Department, San Luis Obispo, California, USA (J. Burmester); Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA (A.B. Boehm)

Main Article

Table

Kendall correlations between 10-day center-aligned rolling averages of regional wastewater aggregated data and 21-day center-aligned averages of NREVSS test positivity (NREVSS analysis) and 30-day averages of regional wastewater aggregated data and 30-day counts of statewide norovirus outbreaks (NLN outbreak analysis), California, USA, December 17, 2022–December 17, 2023*

Wastewater region NREVSS analysis
 NLN outbreak analysis
NREVSS region Kendall τ p value Kendall τ p value
State National 0.754 <0.001 0.701 0.002
State Western region 0.682 <0.001
Bay Area National 0.770 <0.001 0.734 0.001
Bay Area Western region 0.751 <0.001
Greater Sacramento National 0.644 <0.001 0.734 0.001
Greater Sacramento Western region 0.666 <0.001
Rural Northern California National 0.464 <0.001 0.571 0.01
Rural Northern California Western region 0.458 <0.001
San Joaquin Valley National 0.487 <0.001 0.603 0.01
San Joaquin Valley Western region 0.641 <0.001
Southern California National 0.654 <0.001 0.603 0.002
Southern California Western region 0.564 <0.001

*NLN, California Norovirus Laboratory Network; NREVSS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: September 30, 2024
Page updated: October 23, 2024
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