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Volume 30, Number 12—December 2024
Synopsis

Historical Assessment and Mapping of Human Plague, Kazakhstan, 1926–2003

Nurkuisa Rametov1Comments to Author , Ziyat Abdel, Zauresh Zhumadilova, Duman Yessimseit, Beck Abdeliyev, Raikhan Mussagaliyeva, Svetlana Issaeva, Omar F. Althuwaynee, Zhaksybek Baygurin, and Kairat Tabynov1Comments to Author 
Author affiliation: Institute of Ionosphere, Almaty, Kazakhstan (N. Rametov); M. Aikimbayev National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty (N. Rametov, Z. Abdel, Z. Zhumadilova, D. Yessimseit, B. Abdeliyev, R. Mussagaliyeva, S. Issaeva, K. Tabynov); Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satbayev, Almaty (N. Rametov, Z. Baygurin); Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection of the Italian National Research Council, Perugia, Italy (O.F. Althuwaynee); Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty (K. Tabynov)

Main Article

Table 1

Natural plague foci and years of registration of human plague cases in a historical assessment and mapping of human plague, Kazakhstan, 1926–2003

Region Natural plague foci Main rodent host Main flea vector Year of human plague cases
Atyrau
 Volga-Ural Sand
 Meriones meridianus, M. tamariscinus
 Xenopsylla conformis, Nosopsyllus laeviceps
 1997
Atyrau
 Ural-Emba
 Rhombomys opimus
 Xenopsylla skrjabini, X. conformis, N. laeviceps, Coptopsylla lamellifer
 1956, 1958, 1964, 1968, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1993
Atyrau, Mangystau
 Pre-Ustyurt
 R. opimus
 X. skrjabini, N. laeviceps
 1958, 1959, 1961, 1967, 1975
Mangystau, Aktobe
 Ustyurt
 R. opimus
 X. skrjabini, Xenopsylla nuttalli, Xenopsylla gerbilli
 1926, 1974, 1975, 1999
Aktobe, Kyzylorda
 North Pre-Aral
 R. opimus
 X. skrjabini, N.laeviceps, C. lamellifer
 1945,1993, 1999, 2002
Mangystau
 Mangyshlak
 R. opimus
 X. skrjabini, Xenopsylla nuttalli
 1926, 1927, 1948, 1964, 1973, 1974, 2003
Aktobe, Kyzylorda
 Pre–Aral-Karakum
 R. opimus
 X. skrjabini, N. laeviceps, C. lamellifer
 1947, 1948, 1955, 1959, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1979, 1990, 1991, 1999, 2001, 2003
Kyzylorda
 Kyzylkum
 R. opimus
 X. skrjabini, X. gerbilli, Xenopsylla hirtipes
 1966, 1971,1993, 1999
Almaty
 Pre-Balkhash
 R. opimus
 X. skrjabini, X. gerbilli, X. hirtipes
 1947, 1948, 1989
Almaty Ili Intermountain R. opimus X. gerbilli, X. hirtipes 1929

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: October 15, 2024
Page updated: November 26, 2024
Page reviewed: November 26, 2024
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