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Volume 30, Number 2—February 2024
Research

Evidence of Zika Virus Reinfection by Genome Diversity and Antibody Response Analysis, Brazil

Marcia da Costa Castilho, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Lais Ceschini Machado, Thaise Yasmine Vasconcelos de Lima Calvanti, Morganna Costa Lima, Vagner Fonseca, Marta Giovanetti, Cassia Docena, Armando Menezes Neto, Camila Helena Aguiar Bôtto-Menezes, Edna Oliveira Kara, Rafael de La Barrera, Kayvon Modjarrad, Silvana Pereira Giozza, Gerson Fernando Pereira, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Nathalie Jeanne Nicole Broutet, Guilherme Amaral Calvet1, Gabriel Luz Wallau1, and Rafael Freitas Oliveira Franca1Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: Tropical Medicine Foundation Doctor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil (M. da Costa Castilho, C.H.A. Bôtto-Menezes); Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (A.M.B. de Filippis, M. Giovanetti, L.C.J. Alcantara); Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil (L.C. Machado, T.Y.V. de L. Calvanti, M.C. Lima, C. Docena, A.M. Neto, G.A. Calvet, G.L. Wallau, R.F.O. Franca); Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília, Brazil (V. Fonseca); University of Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy (M. Giovanetti); World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (E.O. Kara, N.J.N. Broutet); Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA (R. de La Barrera, K. Modjarrad); Department of Chronic Condition Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections, Brasília, Brazil (S.P. Giozza, G.F. Pereira); National Reference Center for Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hamburg, Germany (G.L. Wallau)

Main Article

Figure 4

Phylogenetic analysis of study participants persistently infected with Zika virus, Brazil. A) Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree of persistent samples. The phylogenetic tree shows all 10 participants with confirmed persistent infection. Boldface indicates participant identification numbers; visit numbers (V) are indicated. Multiple identification numbers represent multiple genomes obtained from the same participant at different time points. Scale bar indicates number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Numbers on the branches indicate Shimodaira–Hasegawa approximate likelihood ratio test after 1,000 replicates. B) Neutralizing antibody titers from acute and convalescent samples, as analyzed from persistently infected participants. MN50, 50% microneutralization.

Figure 4. Phylogenetic analysis of study participants persistently infected with Zika virus, Brazil. A) Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree of persistent samples. The phylogenetic tree shows all 10 participants with confirmed persistent infection. Boldface indicates participant identification numbers; visit numbers (V) are indicated. Multiple identification numbers represent multiple genomes obtained from the same participant at different time points. Scale bar indicates number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Numbers on the branches indicate Shimodaira–Hasegawa approximate likelihood ratio test after 1,000 replicates. B) Neutralizing antibody titers from acute and convalescent samples, as analyzed from persistently infected participants. MN50, 50% microneutralization.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: January 09, 2024
Page updated: January 24, 2024
Page reviewed: January 24, 2024
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