Introduction of New Dengue Virus Lineages of Multiple Serotypes after COVID-19 Pandemic, Nicaragua, 2022
Cristhiam Cerpas, Gerald Vásquez, Hanny Moreira, Jose G. Juarez, Josefina Coloma, Eva Harris
1 , Shannon N. Bennett
1, and Ángel Balmaseda
1
Author affiliations: Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua (C. Cerpas, G. Vásquez, H. Moreira, J.G. Juarez, Á. Balmaseda); Laboratorio Nacional de Virologia, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia Ministerio de Salud, Managua (C. Cerpas, Á. Balmaseda); Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA (J. Coloma, E. Harris); California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA (S.N. Bennett)
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Figure 5
Figure 5. Dengue virus (DENV) serotype 4 maximum clade credibility tree, generated from 115 DENV-4 nucleotide sequences, showing emergence over time. Sequences are labeled by country of sample origin, indicated by colored circles, and include Nicaragua sequences (red) and publicly available sequences, as indicated. Nicaragua clades are indicated with square brackets labeled by year of detection. The time to most recent common ancestor (95% high probability density) is indicated at the nodes leading to Nicaragua clades. Genotypes are identified in the vertical bar to the right. Posterior node probabilities are indicated at major nodes.
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