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Volume 31, Number 1—January 2025
Research

Ongoing Evolution of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Saudi Arabia, 2023–2024

Ahmed M. Hassan1, Barbara Mühlemann1, Tagreed L. Al-Subhi, Jordi Rodon, Sherif A. El-Kafrawy, Ziad Memish, Julia Melchert, Tobias Bleicker, Tiina Mauno, Stanley Perlman, Alimuddin Zumla, Terry C. Jones, Marcel A. Müller, Victor M. Corman, Christian Drosten2Comments to Author , and Esam I. Azhar2Comments to Author 
Author affiliation: King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M. Hassan, T.L. Al-Subhi, S.A. El-Kafrawy, E.I. Azhar); Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (B. Mühlemann, J. Rodon, J. Melchert, T. Bleicker, T. Mauno, T.C. Jones, M.A. Müller, V.M. Corman, C. Drosten); German Center for Infection Research, Berlin (B. Mühlemann, J. Melchert, V.M. Corman, C. Drosten); Ministry of Health and Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Z. Memish); Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (Z. Memish); University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA (S. Perlman); University College London, London, UK (A. Zumla); University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London (A. Zumla); University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (T.C. Jones)

Main Article

Figure 1

Phylogenetic analysis of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) clades and sample distribution in study of ongoing evolution of virus, Saudi Arabia, 2023–2024. Tree was constructed by using the maximum-likelihood method. Black circles indicate 620 complete MERS-CoV genomes sampled until 2019; colored circles indicate 41 MERS-CoV genomes sequenced in this study. Blue circles indicate B5-2023.1, orange circles B5-2023.2, green circles B5-2023.3, yellow circles B5-2023.4, and magenta B5-2023.5 sublineages. Black triangles indicate collapsed clades A, C, B1–B4, and B7. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 1. Phylogenetic analysis of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) clades and sample distribution in study of ongoing evolution of virus, Saudi Arabia, 2023–2024. Tree was constructed by using the maximum-likelihood method. Black circles indicate 620 complete MERS-CoV genomes sampled until 2019; colored circles indicate 41 MERS-CoV genomes sequenced in this study. Blue circles indicate B5-2023.1, orange circles B5-2023.2, green circles B5-2023.3, yellow circles B5-2023.4, and magenta B5-2023.5 sublineages. Black triangles indicate collapsed clades A, C, B1–B4, and B7. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.

Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

2These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: October 30, 2024
Page updated: December 22, 2024
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