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Volume 31, Number 10—October 2025

Research

Prolonged Monkeypox Virus Infections, California, USA, May 2022–August 2024

Samuel SchildhauerComments to Author , Kayla Saadeh, Robert E. Snyder, Eric C. Tang, Eric Chapman, Deanna A. Sykes, Philip Peters, Kathleen Jacobson, Jessica Watson, and Kelly A. Johnson
Author affiliation: University of California School of Medicine, Davis, California (S. Schildhauer); California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA (S. Schildhauer, K. Saadeh, E.C. Tang, K. Jacobson, J. Watson, K.A. Johnson); California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California, USA (R.E. Snyder, E. Chapman, D.A. Sykes, P. Peters); University of California, San Francisco, California, USA (K.A. Johnson)

Main Article

Table 1

Demographic characteristics of 6,469 patients with prolonged and nonprolonged monkeypox virus infections, California, USA, May 12, 2022–August 31, 2024*

Characteristic Prolonged
 Nonprolonged
 Total
No. % (95% CI) No. % (95% CI) No. % (95% CI)
Sex
M 76 92.7 (84.75–97.27) 6,017 94.2 (93.61–94.75) 6,093 94.2 (93.59–94.73)
F 3 3.7 (0.76–10.32) 153 2.4 (2.05–2.8) 156 2.4 (2.06–2.81)
No option specified 2 2.4 (0.3–8.53) 150 2.3 (2–2.75) 152 2.3 (2.01–2.75)
Declined to answer or unknown
 1
 1.2 (0.03–6.61)
67
 1.0 (0.83–1.33)
68
 1.1 (0.83–1.33)
Sexual orientation
Gay or lesbian 49 59.8 (48.34–70.44) 3,949 61.8 (60.63–63.01) 3,998 61.8 (60.61–62.98)
Bisexual 10 12.2 (6.01–21.29) 558 8.7 (8.07–9.45) 568 8.8 (8.11–9.49)
Heterosexual 8 9.8 (4.31–18.32) 504 7.9 (7.25–8.58) 512 7.9 (7.28–8.6)
Declined to answer 4 4.9 (1.34–12.02) 190 3.0 (2.59–3.42) 194 3.0 (2.61–3.44)
Orientation not listed 0 0.0 (0.0–4.4) 112 1.8 (1.46–2.11) 112 1.7 (1.44–2.08)
Unknown
 11
 13.4 (6.89–22.74)
1,074
 16.8 (15.92–17.75)
1,085
 16.8 (15.88–17.7)
Race or ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino 36 43.9 (32.96–55.3) 2,674 41.9 (40.66–43.08) 2,710 41.9 (40.69–43.1)
White 19 23.2 (14.56–33.8) 1,867 29.2 (28.13–30.36) 1,886 29.2 (28.06–30.27)
Black or African American† 17 20.7 (12.57–31.11) 741 11.6 (10.84–12.41) 758 11.7 (10.96–12.52)
Asian 1 1.2 (0.03–6.61) 349 5.5 (4.93–6.05) 350 5.4 (4.89–5.99)
Other 2 2.4 (0.3–8.53) 122 1.9 (1.6–2.28) 124 1.9 (1.61–2.28)
Multiple races 0 0.0 (0.0–4.4) 87 1.4 (1.11–1.68) 87 1.3 (1.09–1.66)
AI/AN 1 1.2 (0.03–6.61) 23 0.4 (0.24–0.54) 24 0.4 (0.25–0.55)
NHOPI 0 0.0 (0.0–4.4) 29 0.5 (0.32–0.65) 29 0.4 (0.31–0.64)
Unknown
 6
 7.3 (2.73–15.25)
495
 7.8 (7.12–8.43)
501
 7.7 (7.12–8.42)
Housing status
Homeless 8 9.8 (4.31–18.32) 266 4.2 (3.7–4.68) 274 4.2 (3.77–4.75)
Not homeless 36 43.9 (32.96–55.3) 2,286 35.8 (34.62–36.98) 2,322 35.9 (34.73–37.07)
Declined to answer 2 2.4 (0.3–8.53) 90 1.4 (1.15–1.73) 92 1.4 (1.16–1.74)
Unknown
 36
 43.9 (32.96–55.3)
3,745
 58.6 (57.42–59.84)
3781
 58.4 (57.24–59.64)
Mean age, y (95% CI)
 38.32 (37.24–39.39)
37.16 (37.04–37.29)
3.29 (3.27–3.31)
Total 82 6,387 6,469

*AI/AN, American Indian or Alaska Native; IQR, interquartile range; NHOPI, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander. †Indicates nonoverlapping 95% CIs (statistical significance).

Main Article

Page created: August 18, 2025
Page updated: September 25, 2025
Page reviewed: September 25, 2025
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