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Volume 31, Number 12—December 2025

Research Letter

Metatranscriptomic Identification of Trubanaman Virus Sequences in Patient with Encephalitis, Australia

Krispin HajkowiczComments to Author , John Woodford, Elango Subramonia Pillai, Andrea Henden, Kym Lowry, Mary E. Petrone, Patrick N.A. Harris, and Edward C. Holmes
Author affiliation: Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (K. Hajkowicz, E. Subramonia Pillai, A. Henden, P.N.A. Harris); University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane (K. Hajkowicz, K. Lowry, P.N.A. Harris); The School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K. Hajkowicz, M.E. Petrone, E.C. Holmes); Ipswich Hospital, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia (J. Woodford); Queensland Institute of Medical Research-Berghofer, Brisbane (J. Woodford, A. Henden); Queensland Paediatric Infectious Diseases Sakzewski Laboratory, Brisbane (K. Lowry); Pathology Queensland, Brisbane (P.N.A. Harris)

Main Article

Table

Results of cerebrospinal fluid testing in an immunocompromised patient with encephalitis in study of metatranscriptomic identification of Trubanaman virus, Australia*

Test Result
Leukocytes, × 106 cells/L (reference range <5)
 2
Erythrocytes, × 106 cells/L (reference range <5)
 61
Protein, mg/L (reference range 150–500)
 570
Glucose, mmol/L (reference range 2.2–3.9)
 5.3
Microscopy and culture
 No bacteria or fungi detected
NAAT for herpes simplex 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster virus, human herpesvirus 6, John Cunningham virus, enteroviruses, and parechoviruses
 Negative
NAAT for Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Cryptococcus spp.
 Negative
Cryptococcal antigen in cerebrospinal fluid
 Negative
Neuronal antibodies Hu, Ri, Yo, and Purkinje cell cytoplasmic types 2 and Tr
 Negative
N-methyl-D-aspartate, GABA-B, and AMPA receptors
 Negative
CV2/collapsin response mediator protein 5
 Negative
Ma/Ta, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and amphyphysin antibodies Negative

*NAAT, nucleic acid amplification test.

Main Article

Page created: November 26, 2025
Page updated: January 01, 2026
Page reviewed: January 01, 2026
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