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Volume 31, Supplement—May 2025
SUPPLEMENT ISSUE
Supplement

Effects of Decentralized Sequencing on National Listeria monocytogenes Genomic Surveillance, Australia, 2016–2023

Patiyan Andersson, Sally Dougall, Karolina Mercoulia, Kristy A. Horan, Torsten Seemann, Jake A. Lacey, Tuyet Hoang, Lex E.X. Leong, David Speers, Louise Cooley, Karina Kennedy, Rob Baird, Rikki Graham, Qinning Wang, Avram Levy, Dimitrios Menouhos, Norelle L. Sherry, Susan A. Ballard, Vitali Sintchenko, Amy V. Jennison, and Benjamin P. HowdenComments to Author 
Author affiliation: The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (P. Andersson, S. Dougall, K. Mercoulia, K.A. Horan, T. Seeman, J.A. Lacey, T. Hoang, N.L. Sherry, S.A. Ballard, B.P. Howden); SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (L.E.X. Leong); Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (D. Speers, A. Levy); Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia (L. Cooley); Canberra Health Services, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (K. Kennedy); Territory Pathology, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia (R. Baird, D. Menouhos); Queensland Public Health and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (R. Graham, A.V. Jennison); Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (Q. Wang, V. Sintchenko); Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia (N.L. Sherry, B.P. Howden); Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney (V. Sintchenko)

Main Article

Table

Sample processing times used in a study of effects of decentralized sequencing on national Listeria monocytogenes genomic surveillance, Australia, 2016–2023*

Collection year Median time, d (range)
ACT NSW NT QLD SA TAS VIC WA
Overall referral time†
All sample sources
2016 ND 29 (15–106) ND 36 (30–55) 37 (33–61) 34 (29–39) 25 (15–37) 44 (36–65)
2023 36 (36–43) 24 (10–65) 75 (28–122) 20 (12–43) 45 (14–71) 30 (18–32) 26 (12–56) 50 (26–187)
p value
ND
0.003
ND
<0.001
NS
NS
NS
NS
Primary referral time‡
Human samples
2016 ND 5 (1–14) ND 4 (3–7) 2 (2–3) 4 (4) 5 (2–10) 6 (2–10)
2023 13 (12–13) 6 (0–20) 3 (3) 5 (2–6) 3 (1–5) 9 (8–9) 3 (1–7) 4 (0–10)
p value ND NS ND NS NS NS <0.001 NS
Food samples
2016 ND 1 (1) ND 1 (0–11) ND 19 (19) 4 (0–14) ND
2023 15 (15) ND ND 0 (0–2) 9 (6–17) 9 (9) 4 (0–25) 32 (0–129)
p value NS ND ND NS ND 0.026 NS ND
Environmental samples
2016 ND 1 (0–2) ND 1 (1) ND ND 0 ND
2023 ND 1 (1) ND ND 29 (29) ND 1 (0–6) ND
p value
ND
NS
ND
ND
ND
ND
NS
ND
Sequencing time§
Human samples
2016 ND 10 (3–18) ND 10 (8–14) 10 (5–13) 11 (11) 10 (6018) 12 (10–20)
2023 13 5 (1–12) 11 (10–11) 8 (2–12) 3 (2–5) 8 (6–11) 8 (5–11) 6 (1–12)
p value ND <0.001 ND 0.014 NS NS 0.003 NS
Food samples
2016 ND 3 (3–10) ND 14 (10–18) ND 16 (16) 20 (15–20) ND
2023 9 (9) 15 (5–15) ND 7 (6–14) 9 (6–14) 8 (7–9) 11 (6–25) 7 (2–8)
p value ND <0.001 ND NS ND NS 0.002 ND
Environmental samples
2016 ND 10 (3–14) ND 14 (14) ND ND 17 (17) ND
2023 ND 5 (2–5) ND ND 6 (6) ND 16 (9–21) ND
p value
ND
<0.001
ND
ND
ND
ND
NS
ND
Sequence referral time§
All sample sources
2016 ND 20 (9–96) ND 27 (13–41) 25 (17–52) ND ND 34 (21–48)
2023 ND 12 (4–54) ND 12 (3–19) 26 (7–31) ND ND 12 (7–26)
p value
ND
<0.001
ND
<0.001
NS
ND
ND
0.007
Genomic analysis time
2016 ND 11 (0–14) ND 8 (1–11) 10 (4–17) 9 (4–14) 8 (3–17) 9 (2–11)
2023 19 (15–19) 8 (1–13) 7 (2–12) 1 (1–19) 9 (3–14) 12 (4–15) 9 (1–21) 14 (3–18)
p value ND 0.025 ND 0.002 NS NS NS <0.001

*Times are shown as median (range) in days for each jurisdiction for years 2016 and 2023, and adjusted p values from Dunn’s post-hoc tests of pairwise comparisons. Range defined as data points within 1.5 from each quartile, with points outside interquartile range considered outliers. ACT, Australian Capital Territory; ND, no data available; NS, not statistically significant; NSW, New South Wales; NT, Northern Territory; QLD, Queensland; SA, South Australia; TAS, Tasmania; VIC, Victoria; WA, Western Australia. †Date of collection to date genomic surveillance report issued. ‡Date of collection to date sample received at jurisdictional public health laboratory. §Date received at jurisdictional public health laboratory to date sequenced. ¶Date received at jurisdictional PHL to date sequence available for bioinformatic analysis at the National Listeria Reference Laboratory. #Date received at national Listeria reference laboratory to date national genomic report issued.

Main Article

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Page updated: May 06, 2025
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