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Volume 31, Number 2—February 2025
Dispatch

Eastern Africa Origin of SAT2 Topotype XIV Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Outbreaks, Western Asia, 2023

Antonello Di NardoComments to Author , Andrew E. Shaw, Mathilde Gondard, Jemma Wadsworth, Guillaume Girault, Krupali Parekh, Anna Ludi, Valerie Mioulet, Cindy Bernelin-Cottet, Hayley M. Hicks, Noemi Polo, Abdulnaci Bulut, Unal Parlak, Daniel Gizaw, Mustafa Ababneh, Maisa Al Ameer, Layth M.S. Abdulrasool, Fajur S. Al Saloom, Wafa A. Al-Rawahi, Nick J. Knowles, Labib Bakkali-Kassimi, and Donald P. King
Author affiliation: The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK (A. Di Nardo, A.E. Shaw, J. Wadsworth, K. Parekh, A. Ludi, V. Mioulet, H.M. Hicks, N. Polo, N.J. Knowles, D.P. King); ANSES Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons-Alfort, France (M. Gondard, G. Girault, C. Bernelin-Cottet, L. Bakkali-Kassimi); Foot and Mouth Disease Institute, Ankara, Turkey (A. Bulut, U. Parlak); Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia (D. Gizaw); Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan (M. Ababneh); Animal Health Laboratory Directorate, Amman, Jordan (M. Al Ameer); Central Veterinary Laboratories, Baghdad, Iraq (L.M.S. Abdulrasool); Ministry of Municipalities Affairs and Agriculture, Hawrat A'ali, Bahrain (F.S. Al Saloom); Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman (W.A. Al-Rawahi); Central Laboratory of Animal Health, Muscat (W.A. Al-Rawahi)

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Figure 3

Performance of the SAT2/XIV-specific real-time RT-PCR for foot-and-mouth disease virus–positive samples representing different viral lineages and topotypes that are circulating or threaten countries in western Asia in study of eastern Africa origin of SAT2 topotype XIV foot-and-mouth disease virus outbreaks, western Asia, 2023. Plotted data shows real-time RT-PCR results for the SAT2/XIV specific test compared with results for the pan-serotype (3D) assay performed in parallel (5). Samples tested included clinical samples collected from confirmed SAT2/XIV cases (purple, n = 55) and characterized isolates from the O/ME-SA/PanAsia-2, O/ME-SA/Ind-2201 and O/EA-3 lineages (red, n = 8), the A/ASIA/Iran-05 lineage (blue, n = 1), the SAT1/I topotype (yellow, n = 7), the SAT2/VII topotype (purple, n = 8), and serotype Asia 1 (gray, n = 1). Ct, cycle threshold; RT-PCR, reverse transcription PCR.

Figure 3. Performance of the SAT2/XIV-specific real-time RT-PCR for foot-and-mouth disease virus–positive samples representing different viral lineages and topotypes that are circulating or threaten countries in western Asia in study of eastern Africa origin of SAT2 topotype XIV foot-and-mouth disease virus outbreaks, western Asia, 2023. Plotted data shows real-time RT-PCR results for the SAT2/XIV specific test compared with results for the pan-serotype (3D) assay performed in parallel (5). Samples tested included clinical samples collected from confirmed SAT2/XIV cases (purple, n = 55) and characterized isolates from the O/ME-SA/PanAsia-2, O/ME-SA/Ind-2201 and O/EA-3 lineages (red, n = 8), the A/ASIA/Iran-05 lineage (blue, n = 1), the SAT1/I topotype (yellow, n = 7), the SAT2/VII topotype (purple, n = 8), and serotype Asia 1 (gray, n = 1). Ct, cycle threshold; RT-PCR, reverse transcription PCR.

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