Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link

Volume 31, Number 2—February 2025

Research Letter

Sin Nombre Virus as Unlikely Reverse Zoonotic Threat

Jérémie Prévost, Nikesh Tailor, Anders Leung, Bryce Warner1, and David SafronetzComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (J. Prévost, N. Tailor, A. Leung, B. Warner, D. Safronetz); University of Manitoba, Winnipeg (D. Safronetz)

Main Article

Table

Results of experimental inoculation using deer mice in a study of SNV as an unlikely reverse zoonotic threat*

Sample ID Original infected sample
 Experimental infection of deer mice
Origin qRT-PCR, relative Ct value†
 Serology,
endpoint titer‡
 qRT-PCR, positive/total samples†
 Serology,
endpoint IgG titer§
Blood BAL, others IgM IgG Lung Liver Spleen Kidney Blood
HAN67/23 Human 22.9 SNS >6,400 – 0/3 NA NA NA 0/3 3/3 (100)
HAN79/23 Human 25.0 29.2 1,600 – 0/3 NA NA NA 0/3 2/3 (100–1,600)
HAN124/23 Human 31.5 28.4 >6,400 – 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (400–1,600)
HAN126/23 Human + SNS 1,600 – 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (100–400)
HAN238/23 Human + SNS 1,600 400 0/3 0/3 0/3 0/3 0/3 N/A
HAN018/21 Human 28.0 SNS 400 – 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (100–400)
HAN176/22 Human 25.0 SNS 1,600 – 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (400–1,600)
HAN173/23 Human + 29.5 >6,400 – 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (100–1,600)
HAN194/23 Human 27.7 SNS 1,600 400 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (400–1,600)
HAN266/23 Human 28.1 SNS >6,400 100 1/4 1/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (100–400)
Total human samples
1/37
 1/31
 0/31
 0/31
 0/37
 33/34
EC983 NHP 24.3 27.1 1,600 1,600 0/6 0/6 0/6 0/6 0/6 6/6 (100–1,600)
MB1599 NHP 23.4 27.2 400 800 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (400)
EC1545 NHP 24.1 28.5 3,200 1,600 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 3/4 (100–400)
MB1291 NHP 25.6 >35 400 400 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (100–400)
NV1021 NHP 24.0 30.5 800 800 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 0/4 4/4 (100–400)
Total NHP samples
0/22
 0/22
 0/22
 0/22
 0/22
 21/22
Vero-adapted SNV 77734 VCL prep 1 NA 22.0 NA NA 3/3 2/3 3/3 3/3 2/3 NA
VCL prep 2 NA 17.5 NA NA 4/4 3/4 4/4 4/4 0/4 4/4 (>6,400)
Total Vero samples
7/7 5/7 7/7 7/7 2/7 4/4

*Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were inoculated with specimens from SNV-infected humans, cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), and Vero cells. Endpoint titers are measured in reciprocal serum dilution. BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; Ct, cycle threshold; NA, not available; NHP, nonhuman primate; OD, optical density; qRT-PCR, qualitative reverse transcription PCR; SNS, sample not submitted; SNV, Sin Nombre virus; VCL, Vero cell line; +, RT-PCR–positive sample but Ct value not available; –, not detected. †qRT-PCR threshold: Ct <35. ‡Seropositivity threshold: >0.6 net OD405. §Seropositivity threshold: mean OD650 from negative control + 3 SD (Appendix).

Main Article

1Current affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Page created: December 06, 2024
Page updated: January 31, 2025
Page reviewed: January 31, 2025
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external