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Volume 31, Number 7—July 2025
Historical Review
Role of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions during 1918–1920 Influenza Pandemic, Alaska, USA
Uddhav Khakurel
, Lisa Sattenspiel, and Svenn-Erik Mamelund
, Lisa Sattenspiel, and Svenn-Erik Mamelund
Table 2
Nonpharmaceutical interventions used during 1918–20 influenza pandemic, Alaska, USA
| Preventive NPIs | Spread control interventions |
|---|---|
| Travel restriction to the community | Quarantine and isolation: orders to separate ill persons and persons suspected of having contact with ill persons |
| School closures: closure of all schools under the jurisdiction of local authorities |
|
| Quarantine, >5 days | Public gathering bans: closure of saloons, restaurants, indoor gatherings, sports halls, public libraries, and local festivals |
| Personal and ancillary actions: mask ordinance, fumigation of mail, and cleaning of surfaces |
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