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Volume 31, Number 7—July 2025

Dispatch

Outbreak of Ceftriaxone-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi, Bangladesh, 2024

Yogesh Hooda, Arif Mohammad Tanmoy, Sudipta Deb Nath, Anannya Barman Jui, Al Amin, Hafizur Rahman, Neoyman Nasir Shorkar, Naito Kanon, Md Asadur Rahman, Denise O. Garrett, Mohammad Shahidul Islam, Nawshad Uddin Ahmed ASM, Samir K. Saha, and Senjuti SahaComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh (Y. Hooda, A.M. Tanmoy, S.D. Nath, A.B. Jui, A. Amin, H. Rahman, N.N. Shorkar, N. Kanon, M.S. Islam, A.N.U. Ahmed, S.K. Saha, S. Saha); Popular Diagnostic Centre Limited, Dhaka (M.A. Rahman); Sabin Vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, USA (D.O. Garrett); Bangladesh Shishu Hospital and Institute, Dhaka (S.K. Saha)

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Figure 3

Phylogenetic tree of Salmonella Typhi genotype 4.3.1, including the 17 CefR 4.3.1.2.B1 strains detected in findings from a study of an outbreak of CefR S. enterica serovar Typhi, Bangladesh, 2024. A) Phylogenetic tree of 546 genomes belonging to genotype 4.3.1 and its subtypes. CefR strains sequenced in our study belong to genotype 4.3.1 and are highlighted in yellow. Tree was built following a pipeline described earlier (10) and displays different CefR genes, countries of isolation, and associated plasmid elements. For context, 529 genomes from genotype 4.3.1 and its subtypes were also included. Of those, 249 (10%) were randomly selected from 2,567 genomes (genotype 4.3.1.2 and subtypes) available on Pathogenwatch by genotype, year, and country (accessions available for 2,542; accessed on 14 July 2024), and 280 were from previous studies conducted in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan (14). B) Zoomed-in view of the subclade containing the CefR strains from our study in Bangladesh. Scale bars indicate XXX. CefR, ceftriaxone-resistant.

Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree of Salmonella Typhi genotype 4.3.1, including the 17 CefR 4.3.1.2.B1 strains detected in findings from a study of an outbreak of CefR S. enterica serovar Typhi, Bangladesh, 2024. A) Phylogenetic tree of 546 genomes belonging to genotype 4.3.1 and its subtypes. CefR strains sequenced in our study belong to genotype 4.3.1 and are highlighted in yellow. Tree was built following a pipeline described earlier (10) and displays different CefR genes, countries of isolation, and associated plasmid elements. For context, 529 genomes from genotype 4.3.1 and its subtypes were also included. Of those, 249 (10%) were randomly selected from 2,567 genomes (genotype 4.3.1.2 and subtypes) available on Pathogenwatch by genotype, year, and country (accessions available for 2,542; accessed on 14 July 2024), and 280 were from previous studies conducted in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan (14). B) Zoomed-in view of the subclade containing the CefR strains from our study in Bangladesh. Scale bars indicate XXX. CefR, ceftriaxone-resistant.

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