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Volume 32, Number 1—January 2026

CME ACTIVITY - Research

Group A Streptococcus Meningitis, United States, 1997–2022

Paulina A. Hawkins, Sopio Chochua, Namrata Prasad, Jennifer O. Okaro, Yuan Li, Tasha Martin, Ann Thomas, Bridget J. Anderson, Kari E. Burzlaff, Lee Harrison, Shannon Seopaul, Nisha Alden, Rachel Herlihy, William Schaffner, H. Keipp Talbot, Ruth Lynfield, Kathy Como-Sabetti, Maria Rosales, Shua Chai, Sam Sefton, Jessica R. Howard-Anderson, Sarah Khanlian, Jessica Houston, Susan Petit, Adam L. Cohen, and Christopher J. GregoryComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (P.A. Hawkins, S. Chochua, N. Prasad, J.O. Okaro, Y. Li, S. Chai, A.L. Cohen, C.J. Gregory); Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon, USA (T. Martin, A. Thomas); New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA (B.J. Anderson, K.E. Burzlaff); Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (L. Harrison, S. Seopaul); Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA (N. Alden, R. Herlihy); Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA (W. Schaffner, H.K. Talbot); Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA (R. Lynfield, K. Como-Sabetti); California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, California, USA (M. Rosales, S. Chai); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (S. Sefton, J.R. Howard-Anderson); New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA (S. Khanlian, J. Houston); Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, Connecticut, USA (S. Petit)

Main Article

Table 3

Incidence and case-fatality rates for GAS meningitis and meningitis caused by other bacterial pathogens, United States, 1997–2022*

Rates per age group GAS GBS Streptococcus pneumoniae Hemophilus influenzae Neisseria meningitides
Incidence rate†
0–11 mo
1997–2005 0.34 12.30 8.95 1.71 3.04
2006–2015 0.22 12.80 4.57 2.14 1.59
2016–2022 0.15 12.64 2.75 2.71 0.48
All years 0.23 12.61 5.37 2.17 1.71
1–4 y
1997–2005 0.04 0.03 1.49 0.21 0.73
2006–2015 0.06 0.02 0.61 0.35 0.24
2016–2022 0.07 0.01 0.53 0.35 0.04
All years 0.06 0.02 0.84 0.31 0.32
5–17 y
1997–2005 0.05 0.03 0.35 0.05 0.45
2006–2015 0.05 0.02 0.25 0.03 0.07
2016–2022 0.04 0.01 0.27 0.05 0.02
All years 0.05 0.02 0.28 0.04 0.16
18–64 y
1997–2005 0.02 0.09 0.84 0.07 0.23
2006–2015 0.03 0.07 0.70 0.07 0.09
2016–2022 0.03 0.07 0.53 0.08 0.03
All years 0.03 0.07 0.68 0.07 0.11
>65 y
1997–2005 0.04 0.15 1.50 0.17 0.10
2006–2015 0.06 0.10 1.27 0.16 0.08
2016–2022 0.06 0.17 0.90 0.22 0.04
All years 0.06 0.14 1.18 0.19 0.07
All ages
1997–2005 0.04 0.26 0.98 0.11 0.32
2006–2015 0.04 0.24 0.74 0.12 0.11
2016–2022 0.04 0.22 0.57 0.14 0.04
All years
 0.04
 0.24
 0.75
 0.12
 0.14
Case fatality rate, %‡
0–11 mos 21.7 7.0 6.7 4.7 5.4
1–4 y 26.1 12.5 11.2 2.5 5.5
5–17 y 13.1 4.8 8.1 1.9 10.7
18–64 y 20.9 14.4 15.6 3.8 11.0
>65 y 20.4 26.3 21.3 7.7 15.4
All ages 17.9 9.9 15.2 4.9 9.6

*GAS, group A Streptococcus; GBS, group B Streptococcus. †Cases per 100,000 population. ‡Rate for 1997–2022.

Main Article

Page created: October 01, 2025
Page updated: January 26, 2026
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