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Volume 32, Number 10—October 2026

Dispatch

Detection of Divergent Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus, São Paulo, Brazil, 2025

Jansen de AraujoComments to Author , Luciano M. Thomazelli, Thomas P. Fabrizio, Gustavo O. Fenner, Erick G. Dorlass, Ana K.A. Eisen, Viviane F. Botosso, Marcello S. Nardi, Caroline C. Aires, Sergio M.N. Teixeira, Roberta M. de Azevedo, Mayra H. Frediani, Tatiana Ometto, Mário G.L. Barboza, Edmarcia E. de Souza, Carsten Wrenger, Richard J. Webby, and Edison L. Durigon
Author affiliation: University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (J. de Araujo, L.M. Thomazelli, G.O. Fenner, E.G. Dorlass, A.K.A. Eisen, M.G.L. Barboza, E.E. de Souza, C. Wrenger, E.L. Durigon); St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA (T.P. Fabrizio, R.J. Webby); Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo (E.G. Dorlass); Instituto Butantan, São Paulo (V.F. Botosso); Centro de Manejo e Conservação de Animais Silvestres, São Paulo (M.S. Nardi, C.C. Aires, S.M.N. Teixeira, R.M. de Azevedo, M.H. Frediani); Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, Brazil (T. Ometto); Institut Pasteur de São Paulo, São Paulo (C. Wrenger, E.L. Durigon).

Main Article

Figure 4

Time-scaled Bayesian maximum clade credibility tree of divergent highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus, São Paulo, Brazil, 2025. The tree was inferred by using the Gaussian Markov Random Field Skyride prior model and includes 206 representative H5 clade 2.3.4.4b virus sequences from Eurasia and the Americas. Tan circle nodes indicate bootstrap >70.

Figure 4. Time-scaled Bayesian maximum clade credibility tree of divergent highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus, São Paulo, Brazil, 2025. The tree was inferred by using the Gaussian Markov Random Field Skyride prior model and includes 206 representative H5 clade 2.3.4.4b virus sequences from Eurasia and the Americas. Tan circle nodes indicate bootstrap >70.

Main Article

Page created: July 16, 2026
Page updated: September 28, 2026
Page reviewed: September 28, 2026
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