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Volume 32, Number 10—October 2026

Dispatch

Emergence of Genotype 2.3.1 Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Strain, West Africa, 2021–2025

Elisabeth Njamkepo, Maria Pardos de la Gandara, Carolina Silva Nodari, Alexandra Moura, and François-Xavier WeillComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France

Main Article

Figure 1

Distribution and genotype of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates in persons returning to France from Senegal in study of emergence of genotype 2.3.1 multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhi strain, West Africa, 2016–2025. A) Total number of nonredundant Salmonella Typhi isolates received each year by France’s National Reference Center for Escherichia coli, Shigella, and Salmonella at the Institut Pasteur and percentage of those associated with Senegal. The unusually small number of Salmonella Typhi isolates received in 2020 and 2021 (<100 isolates) occurred in the context of COVID-19–related travel restrictions. B) Annual distribution of genotypes for Salmonella Typhi isolates obtained from persons returning from Senegal.

Figure 1. Distribution and genotype of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates in persons returning to France from Senegal in study of emergence of genotype 2.3.1 multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhi strain, West Africa, 2016–2025. A) Total number of nonredundant Salmonella Typhi isolates received each year by France’s National Reference Center for Escherichia coli, Shigella, and Salmonella at the Institut Pasteur and percentage of those associated with Senegal. The unusually small number of Salmonella Typhi isolates received in 2020 and 2021 (<100 isolates) occurred in the context of COVID-19–related travel restrictions. B) Annual distribution of genotypes for Salmonella Typhi isolates obtained from persons returning from Senegal.

Main Article

Page created: August 05, 2026
Page updated: September 28, 2026
Page reviewed: September 28, 2026
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