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Volume 32, Number 2—February 2026

Research

Leptotrombidium imphalum Chiggers as Vector for Scrub Typhus in Human Settlements, India, 2022–2023

Carol S. Devamani, Neal Alexander, Rawadee Kumlert, Benjamin L. Makepeace, Serge Morand, Mary Cameron, Alexandr A. Stekolnikov, Winsley Rose, Daniel Chandramohan, Punam Mangtani, Kundavaram P.P. Abhilash, and Wolf-Peter SchmidtComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Christian Medical College, Vellore, India (C.S. Devamani, W. Rose, K.P.P. Abhilash); London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK (N. Alexander, M. Cameron, D. Chandramohan, P. Mangtani, W.-P. Schmidt); Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand (R. Kumlert); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (B.L. Makepeace); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France–Kasetsart University and Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand (S. Morand); Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (A.A. Stekolnikov)

Main Article

Figure 4

Association between Leptotrombidium imphalum index and the prevalence of Orientia infection in study of L. imphalum chiggers as vector for scrub typhus in human settlements, India, 2022–2023. A) Association between prevalence in the chigger pool collected from the host and chigger index. B) Association between prevalence determined from host spleen tissue and chigger index. Blue lines show predicted prevalence (thick) with 95% CI (thin). Green markers show locally weighted scatterplot smoothing of Orientia prevalence by L. imphalum index using a bandwidth of 0.4.

Figure 4. Association between Leptotrombidium imphalum index and the prevalence of Orientia infection in study of L. imphalum chiggers as vector for scrub typhus in human settlements, India, 2022–2023. A) Association between prevalence in the chigger pool collected from the host and chigger index. B) Association between prevalence determined from host spleen tissue and chigger index. Blue lines show predicted prevalence (thick) with 95% CI (thin). Green markers show locally weighted scatterplot smoothing of Orientia prevalence by L. imphalum index using a bandwidth of 0.4.

Main Article

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Page updated: February 19, 2026
Page reviewed: February 19, 2026
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