Volume 32, Number 3—March 2026
Dispatch
Tuberculosis after TB Preventive Therapy in Persons Living with HIV Recently Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy, Mozambique
Lindsay Templin
, Yagna Varajidas, Durval Respeito, Pereira Zindoga, Debora Weiss, Alexandre Nguimfack, Eudoxia Filipe, Arlete Mahumane, Maria Inês Tomo de Deus, José Mizela, Sonia Chilundo, Bruno Simoes, Aleny Couto, Ishani Pathmanathan, Emilio Dirlikov, and Benedita José
, Yagna Varajidas, Durval Respeito, Pereira Zindoga, Debora Weiss, Alexandre Nguimfack, Eudoxia Filipe, Arlete Mahumane, Maria Inês Tomo de Deus, José Mizela, Sonia Chilundo, Bruno Simoes, Aleny Couto, Ishani Pathmanathan, Emilio Dirlikov, and Benedita José
Table 1
Characteristics of persons newly diagnosed with HIV in study of TB in persons living with HIV initiating ART, Mozambique, 2021–2024*
| Characteristic | No TB diagnosis, n = 338,717 | TB diagnosis, n = 3,127 | Total, N = 341,844 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (IQR) |
30 (24–39) |
35 (26–43) |
30 (24–39) |
| Age group, y | |||
| <15 | 17,939 (5.3) | 298 (9.5) | 18,237 (5.3) |
| 15–49 | 293,225 (87) | 2,352 (75) | 295,577 (86) |
| >50 |
27,553 (8.1) |
477 (15) |
28,030 (8.2) |
| Sex | |||
| F | 213,804 (63) | 1,553 (50) | 215,357 (63) |
| M |
124,913 (37) |
1,574 (50) |
126,487 (37) |
| Geographic region† | |||
| Central | 153,268 (45) | 1,295 (41) | 154,563 (45) |
| Northern | 104,067 (31) | 796 (25) | 104,863 (31) |
| Southern |
81,382 (24) |
1,036 (33) |
82,418 (24) |
| Last viral load result‡ | |||
| Suppressed | 312,197 (92) | 2,603 (83) | 314,800 (92) |
| Unsuppressed |
26,520 (7.8) |
524 (17) |
27,044 (7.9) |
| CD4 result | |||
| <200 cells/mm3 | 8,842 (2.6) | 326 (10) | 9,168 (2.7) |
| ≥200 cells/mm3 | 38,868 (11) | 550 (18) | 39,418 (12) |
| Not tested |
291,007 (86) |
2,251 (72) |
293,258 (86) |
| TPT initiation and completion | |||
| Complete | 265,427 (78) | 1,550 (50) | 266,977 (78) |
| Incomplete | 67,248 (20) | 1,346 (43) | 68,594 (20) |
| Not started |
6,042 (1.8) |
231 (7.4) |
6,273 (1.8) |
| TPT type | |||
| 3HP | 17,659 (5.2) | 224 (7.2) | 17,883 (5.2) |
| Isoniazid | 315,016 (93) | 2,672 (85) | 317,688 (93) |
| No TPT |
6,042 (1.8) |
231 (7.4) |
6,273 (1.8) |
| Started TPT within 30 d of ART initiation | |||
| Delayed TPT start | 22,805 (6.7) | 327 (10) | 23,132 (6.8) |
| Not started | 6,042 (1.8) | 231 (7.4) | 6,273 (1.8) |
| TPT at ART start |
309,870 (91) |
2,569 (82) |
312,439 (91) |
| WHO status at initiation | |||
| Not recorded | 5,733 (1.7) | 63 (2.0) | 5,796 (1.7) |
| Stage I | 275,880 (81) | 2,117 (68) | 277,997 (81) |
| Stage II | 41,366 (12) | 551 (18) | 41,917 (12) |
| Stage III | 13,408 (4.0) | 345 (11) | 13,753 (4.0) |
| Stage IV |
2,330 (0.7) |
51 (1.6) |
2,381 (0.7) |
| Health facility setting | |||
| Rural | 208,149 (61) | 1,749 (56) | 209,898 (61) |
| Urban | 130,568 (39) | 1,378 (44) | 131,946 (39) |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. ART, antiretroviral therapy; IQR, interquartile range; TPT, TB preventive therapy; WHO, World Health Organization; 3HP, 3-month course of 12 (1/wk) doses of isoniazid and rifapentine. †Mozambique’s 11 provinces are categorized into 3 regions: Central (Sofala, Manica, Tete, Zambezia), Northern (Nampula, Niassa, Cabo Delgado), and Southern (Maputo City, Maputo, Gaza, Inhambane). ‡Suppressed, <1,000 copies/mL; unsuppressed, >1,000 copies/mL.
Page created: February 13, 2026
Page updated: March 20, 2026
Page reviewed: March 20, 2026
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