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Volume 32, Number 7—July 2026
Research
Investigation of Donor-Transmitted Strongyloides stercoralis Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients, United States, 2012–2024
Kerry R. Gainor, Dawn Blackburn, Pallavi Annambhotla, Sridhar V. Basavaraju, Katherine E. Bowden, Diana Martin, David A. Baran, Irene Frantzis, Irene D. Lytrivi, Julia Simkowski, Danielle Stanek, Susan P. Montgomery, and Rebecca J. Chancey
Table
Summary of investigations of potential donor-derived strongyloidiasis, United States, 2012–2024*
| Donor and recipient information | Total |
|---|---|
| Donors | 64 (100) |
| Median age (range), y | 46 (13–67) |
| Sex | |
| M | 44 (69) |
| F | 20 (31) |
| Birthplace | |
| International | 34 (52) |
| United States | 26 (41) |
| Unknown | 4 (6) |
| Serologic testing | |
| Yes | 60 (94) |
| No | 4 (6) |
| Total organs transplanted | 212 |
| Recipients | 197 (100) |
| Organs per recipient | |
| 1 | 183 (93) |
| 2 | 12 (6) |
| 3 | 1 (0.5) |
| 4 | 1 (0.5) |
| Recipients by organ types transplanted | |
| Right kidney | 50 (25) |
| Left kidney | 45 (23) |
| Liver | 44 (22) |
| Heart | 21 (11) |
| Lung, unspecified | 7 (4) |
| Right lung | 6 (3) |
| Left lung | 6 (3) |
| Kidney, unspecified | 4 (2) |
| Bilateral lung | 4 (2) |
| Left kidney and pancreas | 3 (1.5) |
| Liver and left kidney | 2 (1) |
| Kidney and pancreas | 1 (0.5) |
| Heart and left kidney | 1 (0.5) |
| Heart and lung | 1 (0.5) |
| Heart, liver, and left kidney | 1 (0.5) |
| Liver, left kidney, pancreas, and bowel | 1 (0.5) |
| Posttransplant strongyloidiasis diagnosis | |
| Positive | 43 (22) |
| Negative | 31 (16) |
| Unknown | 123 (62) |
| Case determination | |
| Proven | 22 (11) |
| Probable | 3 (1.5) |
| Possible | 1 (0.5) |
| Excluded | 10 (5) |
| No intervention, no disease transmission | 19 (10) |
| Intervention without disease transmission | 125 (64) |
| Inconclusive | 17 (9) |
| Outcome at follow-up | |
| Alive | 167 (85) |
| Deceased | 15 (8) |
| Unknown | 15 (8) |
| Heart transplant recipients | |
| Recipients | 24 |
| Single-organ | 21 |
| Multi-organ | 3 |
| Case determination among heart transplant recipients | |
| Excluded, reactivation | 2 |
| Proven | 7 |
| Inconclusive | 3 |
| Intervention without disease transmission | 10 |
| No intervention, no disease transmission | 1 |
| Excluded, unknown | 1 |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. †Heart transplant recipients are presented separately for descriptive purposes and were not analyzed as a distinct risk group.
Page created: May 28, 2026
Page updated: June 25, 2026
Page reviewed: June 25, 2026
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