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Genetically Distinct African Swine Fever Virus Genotype II Variant in Wild Boar, Spain, 2025–2026
Carmina Gallardo
, Marina Marcet-Houben, Montserrat Agüero, Raquel Nieto, Nadia Casado, Alejandro Soler, María José Ruano, Rubén Villalba, Jovita Fernández-Pinero, Alicia Simón, Covadonga Pérez, Concepción Gómez, Cecilia García, Mireia Labrador, Jordi Argilaguet, Liani Coronado, Natàlia Majó, Pilar Aguilera-Sepulveda, Irene Aldea, Toni Gabaldón, María Belén Gómez, and Marisa Arias
Author affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Valdeolmos, Spain (C. Gallardo, R. Nieto, N. Casado, A. Soler, J. Fernandez-Pinero, A. Simón, C. Pérez, C. Gómez, P. Aguilera-Sepulveda, I. Aldea, M. Arias); Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain (M. Marcet-Houben, C. García, M. Labrador, T. Gabaldón); Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona (M. Marcet-Houben, C. García, M. Labrador, T. Gabaldón); CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M. Marcet-Houben, T. Gabaldón); Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria, Algete, Spain (M. Agüero, M.J. Ruano, R. Villalba, M.B. Gómez); Unitat Mixta d’Investigació Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries–Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona en Sanitat Animal, Barcelona (J. Argilaguet, L. Coronado, N. Majó); Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Barcelona (J. Argilaguet, L. Coronado); World Organisation for Animal Health Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe, Barcelona (J. Argilaguet, L. Coronado, N. Majó); Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona (N. Majó); Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona (T. Gabaldón)
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Figure 2
Figure 2. Geographic distribution of African swine fever (ASF) virus genotype II genetic groups in Europe, 2007–2025. We combined analysis of 6 genomic regions to define genetic groups. We assigned groups through comparison with 1,192 homologous genotype II sequences available in the European Union Reference Laboratory for ASF sequence database (Appendix 1 Table 1). Numbers within colored circles denote genetic groups. Genetic group 29, identified in Spain in 2025, is highlighted. The analyzed regions were the central variable region within B602L; intergenic region (IGR) between I73R and I329L genes; O174L; K145R; the IGR between MGF (multigene family) 505-9R and MGF505-10R genes; and the IGR between I329L and I215L genes.
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