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Volume 32, Number 9—September 2026
Research Letter
Pediatric Tuberculosis Care Outcomes in a Tertiary Care Center, France, 2014–2024
Diane Franco
, Luc Panetta, Florence Ader, Antoine Ouziel, Yves Gillet, and Côme Horvat
, Luc Panetta, Florence Ader, Antoine Ouziel, Yves Gillet, and Côme Horvat
Table
Population characteristics of pediatric patients with TB, France, 2014–2024*
| Characteristics | No. (%) patients |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total, n = 110 | Favorable outcome, n = 67 | Unfavorable outcome, n = 43 | |
| Age group, y | |||
| <1 | 11 (10.0) | 7 (10.4) | 4 (9.3) |
| 1–5 | 46 (41.8) | 28 (41.8) | 18 (41.9) |
| 5–10 | 20 (18.2) | 13 (19.4) | 7 (16.3) |
| 10–18 |
33 (30) |
19 (28.4) |
14 (32.5) |
| Sex | |||
| M | 61 (55.5) | 40 (59.7) | 21 (48.8) |
| F |
49 (45.5) |
27 (41.3) |
22 (51.2) |
| Underlying conditions | |||
| Malnutrition | 10 (9.1) | 6 (9.0) | 4 (9.3) |
| HIV co-infection |
4 (3.6) |
2 (3.0) |
2 (4.7) |
| Extrapulmonary tuberculosis complications | |||
| Isolated thoracic TB | 78 (70.9) | 52 (77.6) | 26 (60.5) |
| Peripheral lymphadenitis | 18 (16.4) | 8 (7.3) | 10 (9.1) |
| Central nervous system TB | 6 (5.5) | 4 (3.6) | 2 (1.8) |
| Osteoarticular TB |
6 (5.5) |
4 (3.6) |
2 (1.8) |
| IRIS |
8 (7.3) |
2 (3.0) |
6 (14.0) |
| BCG vaccination |
45 (40.9) |
36 (53.7) |
9 (20.9) |
| Microbiologic characteristics | |||
| Microbiological confirmation | 58 (52.7) | 31 (46.3) | 27 (62.8) |
| Identified index case | 43 (39.1) | 32 (47.8) | 11 (25.6) |
| Drug-resistant strain |
5 (4.5) |
2 (3.0) |
3 (7.0) |
| Initial treatment characteristics | |||
| Planned treatment duration, mo | |||
| <6 | 64 (58.2) | 55 (82.1) | 9 (20.9) |
| >6 | 13 (11.8) | 12 (17.9) | 1 (2.3) |
| Initial treatment regimen | |||
| Standard 4-drug regimen: HRZE | 62 (56.4) | 38 (56.7) | 24 (55.8) |
| Standard 3-drug regimen: HRZ | 46 (41.8) | 27 (40.3) | 19 (44.2) |
| Other treatment regimen | 2 (1.8) | 2 (3.0) | 0 |
* BCG, Bacille Calmette-Guérin; HRZ, isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide; HRZE, isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol; IRIS, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; TB, tuberculosis
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Page updated: August 17, 2026
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