Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 15, Number 2—February 2009
Dispatch

Genomic Characterization of Novel Human Parechovirus Type

Linlin Li, Joseph Victoria, Amit Kapoor, Asif Naeem, Shahzad Shaukat, Salmaan Sharif, Muhammad Masroor Alam, Mehar Angez, Sohail Zahoor Zaidi, and Eric DelwartComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA (L. Li, J. Victoria, A. Kapoor, E. Delwart); University of California, San Francisco (L. Li, J. Victoria, A. Kapoor, E. Delwart); National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan (A. Naeem, S. Shaukat, S. Sharif, M.M. Alam, M. Angez, S.Z. Zaidi)

Main Article

Figure 2

SimPlot (http://sray.med.som.jhmi.edu/SCRoftware/simplot) analysis of the full-length sequences of the human parechovirus (HPeV) prototypes against PAK5045 query, based on nucleotide similarities. Each curve compares the PAK5045 genome with an HPeV prototype. The Kimura 2-parameter model was applied with a transition/transversion (Ts/Tv) ratio of 3.0 (5), and a sliding window of 600 nt with a step size of 10 nt was used.

Figure 2. SimPlot (http://sray.med.som.jhmi.edu/SCRoftware/simplot) analysis of the full-length sequences of the human parechovirus (HPeV) prototypes against PAK5045 query, based on nucleotide similarities. Each curve compares the PAK5045 genome with an HPeV prototype. The Kimura 2-parameter model was applied with a transition/transversion (Ts/Tv) ratio of 3.0 (5), and a sliding window of 600 nt with a step size of 10 nt was used.

Main Article

References
  1. Wigand  R, Sabin  AB. Properties of ECHO types 22, 23 and 24 viruses. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1961;11:22447. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. King  AMQ, Brown  F, Christian  P, Hovi  T, Hyypia  T, Knowles  NJ, Picornaviridae. In: Van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Calisher CH, Carsten EB, Estes MK, et al. (editors). Virus taxonomy: the seventh report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. New York: Academic Press; 1999.
  3. Ito  M, Yamashita  T, Tsuzuki  H, Takeda  N, Sakae  K. Isolation and identification of a novel human parechovirus. J Gen Virol. 2004;85:3918. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Benschop  KS, Schinkel  J, Luken  ME, van den Broek  PJ, Beersma  MF, Menelik  N, Fourth human parechovirus serotype. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:15725.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Al-Sunaidi  M, Williams  CH, Hughes  PJ, Schnurr  DP, Stanway  G. Analysis of a new human parechovirus allows the definition of parechovirus types and the identification of RNA structural domains. J Virol. 2007;81:101321. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Watanabe  K, Oie  M, Higuchi  M, Nishikawa  M, Fujii  M. Isolation and characterization of novel human parechovirus from clinical samples. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:88995.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Benschop  KS, Schinkel  J, Minnaar  RP, Pajkrt  D, Spanjerberg  L, Kraakman  HC, Human parechovirus infections in Dutch children and the association between serotype and disease severity. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:20410. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Legay  V, Chomel  JJ, Fernandez  E, Lina  B, Aymard  M, Khalfan  S. Encephalomyelitis due to human parechovirus type 1. J Clin Virol. 2002;25:1935. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Stanway  G, Joki-Korpela  P, Hyypia  T. Human parechoviruses—biology and clinical significance. Rev Med Virol. 2000;10:5769. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Russell  S, Bell  E. Echoviruses and carditis. Lancet. 1970;1:2.
  11. Boivin  G, Abed  Y, Boucher  FD. Human parechovirus 3 and neonatal infections. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005;11:1035.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Kincaid  O, Lipton  HL. Viral myelitis: an update. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2006;6:46974. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Figueroa  JP, Ashley  D, King  D, Hull  B. An outbreak of acute flaccid paralysis in Jamaica associated with echovirus type 22. J Med Virol. 1989;29:3159. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Kapoor  A, Victoria  J, Simmonds  P, Wang  C, Shafer  RW, Nims  R, A highly divergent picornavirus in a marine mammal. J Virol. 2008;82:31120. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Baumgarte  S, de Souza Luna  LK, Grywna  K, Panning  M, Drexler  JF, Karsten  C, Prevalence, types, and RNA concentrations of human parechoviruses, including a sixth parechovirus type, in stool samples from patients with acute enteritis. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46:2428. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: December 08, 2010
Page updated: December 08, 2010
Page reviewed: December 08, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external