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Volume 14, Number 7—July 2008
Peer Reviewed Report Available Online Only

Toward a Unified Nomenclature System for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1)

WHOOIEFAO HNEvolution Working Group1

Main Article

Table 2

Clade descriptions with isolation period, source, and geographic location*

Clade Year Geographic location Isolation source Description and strain name
0
 1996–2002
 PRC, Hong Kong
 Avian/human
 Early progenitors of H5N1; HK/PRC 1997 avian influenza outbreak 
Gs/Guangdong/1/96
3
 2000–2001
 PRC, Hong Kong, Vietnam
 Avian
 Ck/Hong Kong/YU562/2001
4 2002/2003 PRC, Hong Kong Avian Gs/Guiyang/337/2006
2005/2006
 Guiyang, PRC
 Avian
 Described as Guiyang 1 (5)
5 2000–2003 PRC, Vietnam Avian Gs/Guangxi/914/2004
2004
 Guangxi, PRC
 Avian
6
 2002/2004
 PRC
 Avian
 Ck/Hunan/01/2004
7 2002/2004 PRC Avian/human Human case from Beijing in 2003
2005/2006
 Yunnan, Hubei, and Shanxi, PRC
 Avian
 Described as Yunnan 2 (5)
Ck/Shanxi/2/2006
8
 2001–2004
 Hong Kong, PRC
 Avian
 Ck/Hong Kong/YU777/2002
9
 2003–2005
 PRC
 Avian
 Dk/Guangxi/2775/2005
1 2002/2003 Hong Kong, PRC Avian/human Described as Guangdong (3)
Vietnam, Cambodia,
Thailand, Laos, Malaysia
 Avian/human
 Spread of H5N1 to southeast Asia;
described as Vietnam/Thailand/Malaysia (3)
Vietnam/1203/2004
2.1.1
 2003–2005
 Eastern Indonesia
 Avian
 Described as Indonesia (ref 3)
Ck/Indonesia/BL/2003
2.1.2
 2005–2006
 Western Indonesia
 Avian/human
 Primarily avian with human cluster from Medan; described as Indonesia (3)
Indonesia/538H/2006
2.1.3
 2004–2007
 Eastern and western
Indonesia
 Avian/human
 Described as Indonesia (3)
Indonesia/5/2005
2.2 2005 Qinghai Lake, Jiangxi, PRC Avian Progenitors from Qinghai Lake outbreak; described as Qinghai-like (5)
2005–2007
 Mongolia, Europe,
Middle East, Africa
 Avian/human
 Long-distance spread of H5N1; described as EMA clade (4)
BHGs/Qinghai/1A/2005
2.3.1
 2003–2005
 Hunan and Guangdong, PRC
 Avian
 Described as Hunan (3)
Dk/Hunan/303/2004
2.3.2 2004–2006 Hong Kong, southern PRC Avian Described as Mixed/Vietnam 2 (3,5)
2005
 Vietnam
 Avian
 Described as Mixed/Vietnam 2 (3,5)
Ck/Guangxi/2461/2004
2.3.3 2004 Hunan, PRC Avian Ck/Guiyang/3055/2005
2005
 Guiyang, PRC
 Avian
 Described as Guiyang 2 (5)
2.3.4
 2005–2006
 Hong Kong, PRC, Thailand, Laos, Malaysia
 Avian/human
 Described as Fujian-like (5)
Dk/Fujian/1734/2005
2.4
 2002–2005
 PRC (predominantly
Yunnan and Guangxi)
 Avian
 Described as Yunnan (3)
Ck/Yunnan/115/2004
2.5 2003/2004 PRC, Korea, Japan Avian Spread of H5N1 to east Asian countries
2006 Shantou, PRC Avian Described as Guangdong/2006 (5)
Ck/Korea/ES/2003

*PRC, People’s Republic of China; BHGs, bar-headed goose; Ck, chicken; Dk, duck; Gs, goose. Strain name in boldface represents the prototype virus for that clade.

Main Article

References
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Main Article

1The working group was established by request of the World Health Organization’s Global Influenza Programme, Department of Epidemic and Pandemic Alert and Response (WHO, GIP, EPR), the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). It consisted of the following members: Ruben O. Donis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA (co-chair); Gavin J.D. Smith, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China (co-chair); Michael L. Perdue, WHO, GIP, EPR, Geneva, Switzerland2 (coordinator); Ian H. Brown, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, UK; Hualan Chen, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences CAAS, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; Ron A.M. Fouchier, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Yoshihiro Kawaoka, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, and Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; John Mackenzie, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; and Yuelong Shu, China Centers for Disease Control, Bejing, People’s Republic of China. In addition, the following persons made substantial contributions: Ilaria Capua, Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy; Nancy Cox, Todd Davis, Rebecca Garten, and Catherine Smith, CDC; Yi Guan and Dhanasekaran Vijaykrishna, University of Hong Kong; Elizabeth Mumford, WHO, GIP, EPR; and Colin A. Russell and Derek Smith, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

2Current affiliation: US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA.

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Page updated: July 12, 2010
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