Volume 15, Number 3—March 2009
Research
Prevalence and Seasonality of Influenza-like Illness in Children, Nicaragua, 2005–2007
Aubree Gordon, Oscar Ortega, Guillermina Kuan, Arthur L. Reingold, Saira Saborio, Angel Balmaseda, and Eva Harris
Table 5
Household risk factors for influenza-like illness in a subset of 2,615 children 2–11 years of age, Managua, Nicaragua, 2005–2007*
| Characteristic | Crude RR† (95% CI) | Adjusted RR†‡ (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| M | 0.96 (0.87–1.07) | 0.98 (0.89–1.07) |
| F |
Ref |
Ref |
| Age, y | ||
| 2 | 5.01 (3.63–6.93) | 4.83 (3.50–6.66) |
| 3 | 4.21 (3.08–5.76) | 4.07 (2.98–5.56) |
| 4 | 3.13 (2.29–4.30) | 3.05 (2.22–4.18) |
| 5 | 2.55 (1.85–3.51) | 2.51 (1.82–3.45) |
| 6 | 2.03 (1.47–2.80) | 2.01 (1.46–2.78) |
| 7 | 2.01 (1.45–2.80) | 2.00 (1.44–2.78) |
| 8 | 1.50 (1.06–2.12) | 1.49 (1.06–2.10) |
| 9 | 1.55 (1.10–2.19) | 1.54 (1.09–2.17) |
| 10 | 1.25 (0.88–1.77) | 1.24 (0.88–1.76) |
| 11 |
Ref |
Ref |
| Asthma | ||
| Yes | 1.83 (1.57–2.13) | 1.51 (1.32–1.75) |
| No |
Ref |
Ref |
| Persons/room | ||
| <3 | Ref | Ref |
| 3–4 | 1.04 (0.93–1.17) | 1.07 (0.96–1.20) |
| >5 |
1.14 (1.00–1.31) |
1.18 (1.04–1.34) |
| Mother literate | ||
| Yes | 0.80 (0.63–1.01) | 0.79 (0.64–0.98) |
| No |
Ref |
Ref |
| Dirt floor | ||
| Yes | 0.95 (0.84–1.08) | 0.88 (0.78–1.00) |
| No | Ref | Ref |
*RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; Ref, reference.
†The measure of RR used is the incidence rate ratio.
‡Multivariate model included sex, age, asthma status, person density in house, mother’s literacy, and a dirt floor.
Page created: December 07, 2010
Page updated: December 07, 2010
Page reviewed: December 07, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.