Volume 19, Number 3—March 2013
Research
Attribution of Foodborne Illnesses, Hospitalizations, and Deaths to Food Commodities by using Outbreak Data, United States, 1998–2008
John A. Painter
, Robert M. Hoekstra, Tracy Ayers, Robert V. Tauxe, Christopher R. Braden, Frederick J. Angulo, and Patricia M. Griffin
, Robert M. Hoekstra, Tracy Ayers, Robert V. Tauxe, Christopher R. Braden, Frederick J. Angulo, and Patricia M. Griffin
Table 1
Estimates of annual domestically acquired foodborne illnesses attributed to specific food commodities and commodity groups, by pathogen type, United States, 1998–2008*
| Commodity or commodity group | No. (%) illnesses |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All agents | Bacterial | Chemical | Parasitic | Viral | |
| Aquatic animals† | 589,310 (6.1) | 142,415 (3.9) | 153,488 (61.6) | 77,795 (33.3) | 215,613 (3.9) |
| Fish | 258,314 (2.7) | 15,362 (0.4) | 148,958 (59.8) | 955 (0.4) | 93,040 (1.7) |
| Shellfish† | 330,997 (3.4) | 127,053 (3.5) | 4,531 (1.8) | 76,840 (32.9) | 122,573 (2.2) |
| Crustaceans | 46,528 (0.5) | 32,626 (0.9) | 1,247 (0.5) | 12,654 (0.2) | |
| Mollusks |
284,469 (3.0) |
94,427 (2.6) |
3,283 (1.3) |
76,840 (32.9) |
109,919 (2.0) |
| Land animals† | 4,021,839 (41.7) | 2,334,000 (64.0) | 33,031 (13.3) | 156 (0.1) | 1,654,651 (30.0) |
| Dairy | 1,330,098 (13.8) | 656,951 (18.0) | 3,773 (1.5) | 669,374 (12.1) | |
| Eggs | 574,298 (6.0) | 179,421 (4.9) | 6,995 (2.8) | 387,882 (7.0) | |
| Meat-poultry† | 2,117,442 (22.0) | 1,497,628 (41.1) | 22,263 (8.9) | 156 (0.1) | 597,394 (10.8) |
| Meat† | 1,174,257 (12.2) | 844,006 (23.2) | 2,437 (1.0) | 156 (0.1) | 327,658 (5.9) |
| Beef | 639,640 (6.6) | 482,199 (13.2) | 661 (0.3) | 156,780 (2.8) | |
| Game | 9,934 (0.1) | 5,111 (0.1) | 1,568 (0.6) | 156 (0.1) | 3,100 (0.1) |
| Pork | 524,684 (5.4) | 356,697 (9.8) | 209 (0.1) | 167,778 (3.0) | |
| Poultry |
943,185 (9.8) |
653,622 (17.9) |
19,826 (8.0) |
269,737 (4.9) |
|
| Plants† | 4,924,877 (51.1) | 1,169,202 (32.1) | 62,753 (25.2) | 69,023 (29.5) | 3,623,899 (65.8) |
| Grains-beans | 435,936 (4.5) | 183,394 (5.0) | 12,995 (5.2) | 239,547 (4.3) | |
| Oils-sugars | 65,631 (0.7) | 2,344 (0.9) | 63,287 (1.1) | ||
| Produce† | 4,423,310 (45.9) | 985,807 (27.0) | 47,414 (19.0) | 69,023 (29.5) | 3,321,066 (60.3) |
| Fruits-nuts | 1,123,808 (11.7) | 230,636 (6.3) | 29,483 (11.8) | 60,573 (25.9) | 803,116 (14.6) |
| Vegetables† | 3,299,501 (34.2) | 755,171 (20.7) | 17,931 (7.2) | 8,450 (3.6) | 2,517,949 (45.7) |
| Fungi | 4,542 (0.0) | 686 (0.0) | 3,857 (1.5) | ||
| Leafy | 2,152,652 (22.3) | 188,327 (5.2) | 9,113 (3.7) | 7,256 (3.1) | 1,947,955 (35.4) |
| Root | 349,715 (3.6) | 96,910 (2.7) | 1,240 (0.5) | 251,566 (4.6) | |
| Sprout | 32,703 (0.3) | 32,703 (0.9) | |||
| Vine-stalk |
759,889 (7.9) |
436,546 (12.0) |
3,721 (1.5) |
1,194 (0.5) |
318,428 (5.8) |
| Undetermined |
102,275 (1.1) |
156 (0.0) |
86,686 (37.1) |
15,433 (0.3) |
|
| Total | 9,638,301 (100.0) | 3,645,773 (100.0) | 249,273 (100.0) | 233,660 (100.0) | 5,509,596 (100.0) |
*Most estimates from (1); some were made as described in Methods. Numbers of illnesses are the most probable estimate, as described in Methods. Estimates are rounded; some row and column sums may differ from their totals. Blank cells indicate no data.
†Indicates commodity group.
Page created: February 25, 2013
Page updated: February 25, 2013
Page reviewed: February 25, 2013
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