Volume 19, Number 3—March 2013
Research
Attribution of Foodborne Illnesses, Hospitalizations, and Deaths to Food Commodities by using Outbreak Data, United States, 1998–2008
John A. Painter
, Robert M. Hoekstra, Tracy Ayers, Robert V. Tauxe, Christopher R. Braden, Frederick J. Angulo, and Patricia M. Griffin
, Robert M. Hoekstra, Tracy Ayers, Robert V. Tauxe, Christopher R. Braden, Frederick J. Angulo, and Patricia M. Griffin
Table 3
Estimates of annual deaths resulting from domestically acquired foodborne illnesses attributed to specific food commodities and commodity groups, by pathogen type, United States, 1998–2008*
| Commodity or commodity group | No. (%) deaths |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All agents | Bacterial | Chemical | Parasitic | Viral | |
| Aquatic animals† | 94 (6.4) | 24 (2.8) | 61 (61.6) | 2 (0.7) | 6 (3.7) |
| Fish | 71 (4.9) | 8 (1.0) | 60 (59.8) | 0 (0.1) | 2 (1.4) |
| Shellfish† | 23 (1.6) | 16 (1.8) | 2 (1.8) | 2 (0.6) | 4 (2.3) |
| Crustaceans | 3 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0.5) | 0 (0.2) | |
| Mollusks |
20 (1.4) |
14 (1.6) |
1 (1.3) |
2 (0.6) |
3 (2.1) |
| Land animals† | 629 (43.3) | 570 (66.2) | 13 (13.3) | 0 | 45 (29.0) |
| Dairy | 140 (9.7) | 121 (14.0) | 2 (1.5) | 18 (11.8) | |
| Eggs | 71 (4.9) | 57 (6.6) | 3 (2.8) | 11 (6.8) | |
| Meat-poultry† | 418 (28.8) | 393 (45.5) | 9 (8.9) | 0 | 16 (10.4) |
| Meat† | 140 (9.7) | 130 (15.1) | 1 (1.0) | 0 | 9 (5.7) |
| Beef | 55 (3.8) | 51 (5.9) | 0 (0.3) | 4 (2.7) | |
| Game | 3 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.6) | 0 | 0 (0.1) |
| Pork | 82 (5.7) | 77 (9.0) | 0 (0.1) | 5 (2.9) | |
| Poultry |
278 (19.1) |
262 (30.4) |
8 (8.0) |
7 (4.7) |
|
| Plants† | 363 (25.0) | 229 (26.5) | 25 (25.2) | 4 (1.2) | 105 (67.4) |
| Grains-beans | 27 (1.9) | 16 (1.8) | 5 (5.2) | 6 (4.1) | |
| Oils-sugars | 3 (0.2) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.1) | ||
| Produce† | 333 (22.9) | 213 (24.7) | 19 (19.0) | 4 (1.2) | 97 (62.2) |
| Fruits-nuts | 93 (6.4) | 55 (6.4) | 12 (11.8) | 4 (1.2) | 22 (14.2) |
| Vegetables† | 240 (16.5) | 158 (18.3) | 7 (7.2) | 0 | 75 (48.0) |
| Fungi | 2 (0.1) | 0 | 2 (1.5) | ||
| Leafy | 88 (6.0) | 27 (3.1) | 4 (3.7) | 0 | 57 (36.7) |
| Root | 21 (1.4) | 12 (1.4) | 0 (0.5) | 9 (5.6) | |
| Sprout | 27 (1.9) | 27 (3.2) | |||
| Vine-stalk |
102 (7.0) |
92 (10.6) |
1 (1.5) |
0 |
9 (5.7) |
| Undetermined |
366 (25.2) |
39 (4.5) |
327 (98.1) |
0 |
|
| Total | 1,451 (100.0) | 862 (100.0) | 100 (100.0) | 333 (100.0) | 156 (100.0) |
*Most estimates from (1); some were made as described in Methods. Numbers of deaths are the most probable estimate, as described in Methods. Estimates are rounded; some row and column sums may differ from their totals. Blank cells indicate no data.
†Indicates commodity group.
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Page updated: February 25, 2013
Page reviewed: February 25, 2013
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