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Volume 19, Number 5—May 2013
Research

Foodborne Transmission of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy to Nonhuman Primates

Edgar HolznagelComments to Author , Barbara Yutzy, Walter Schulz-Schaeffer, Carina Kruip, Uwe Hahmann, Pär Bierke, Juan-Maria Torres, Yong-Sun Kim, Achim Thomzig, Michael Beekes, Gerhard Hunsmann, and Johannes Loewer
Author affiliations: Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany (E. Holznagel, B. Yutzy, C. Kruip, J. Loewer); University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany (W. Schulz-Schaeffer); German Primate Centre, Göttingen (U. Hahmann, G. Hunsmann); Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Solna, Sweden (P. Bierke); Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Madrid, Spain (J.-M. Torres); Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea (Y.-S. Kim); Robert-Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany (A. Thomzig, M. Beekes)

Main Article

Table 2

Characteristics of oral inoculation of 5-year-old macaques with BSE-inducing or mock brain material *

Macaque Sex BSE
dose, g Euthanized, y postinoculation 14-3-3p–positive CSF PrPres pattern
(brain) PrPres pattern (spinal cord C1–T12) PrPres pattern
(spinal cord L1–L4)
Group I (clinically infected)†
S1 F 5 4.3 Yes 2B 2B 2B
S2 F 5 4.6 Yes 2B 2B 2B
S3 M 5 4.7 Yes 2B 2B 2B
S4 F 5 4.8 Yes 2B 2B 2B
S5 F 5 5.2 Yes 2B 2B 2B
S6‡ F 16 3.7 Yes 2B 2B 2B
S7 F 16 4.5 Yes 2B 2B 2B
S8
F
16
5.3
Yes
2B
2B
2B
Group II (preclinical)§
S9 M 5 1.0 No Neg Neg Neg
S10 M 5 1.0 No Neg Neg Neg
S11 M 5 3.0 No Neg Neg Non-2B
S12 M 5 3.0 No Neg Neg Non-2B
S13 M 5 3,9 No Neg Th7–10+ Neg
S14 F 5 4,1 No Neg Neg Non-2B
S15
F
5
5.0
No
Neg
Neg
Non-2B
Group III (preclinical)¶
C1 F 8 6.5 No Neg Neg Non-2B
C2 F 10 6.5 No Neg Neg Non-2B
C3
F
16
8.8
No
Neg
Neg
Neg
Group IV (controls)#
M1 F 5 2.0 No Neg Neg Neg
M2 F 5 5.0 No Neg Neg Neg
M3 F 16 6.0 No Neg Neg Neg
M4 F 16 6.0 No Neg Neg Neg
M5 F 16 6.0 No Neg Neg Neg
M6 F 16 6.0 No Neg Neg Neg
M7 F 0.05 6.0 No Neg Neg Neg
M8 F 0.05 6.0 No Neg Neg Neg

*BSE, bovine spongiform encephalopathy; PrPres, proteinase-resistant prion protein; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; C, cervical; T, thoracic; L, lumbar; neg, negative.
†Received 1 BSE dose, observed until onset of clinical signs.
‡Macaque S6 had a highly stimulated immune system on the day of oral exposure and thereafter (reason unknown) and had the highest postmortem levels of proteinease-resistant prion protein (PrPres) in spleen and other lymphoreticular tissues of all examined macaques (data not shown).
§Animals received 1 BSE dose and were euthanized at regular intervals during incubation period (all animals had PrPres -positive non–central nervous system tissue).
¶Cumulative BSE dose, euthanized.
#Exposed to mock (non–BSE-infected) bovine brain material and euthanized during aging to act as age-matched controls.

Main Article

Page created: April 24, 2013
Page updated: April 24, 2013
Page reviewed: April 24, 2013
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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