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Volume 19, Number 9—September 2013
Research

Antigenic and Molecular Characterization of Avian Influenza A(H9N2) Viruses, Bangladesh

Karthik Shanmuganatham, Mohammed M. Feeroz, Lisa Jones-Engel, Gavin J.D. Smith, Mathieu Fourment, David Walker, Laura McClenaghan, S.M. Rabiul Alam, M. Kamrul Hasan, Patrick Seiler, John Franks, Angie Danner, Subrata Barman, Pamela McKenzie, Scott Krauss, Richard J. Webby, and Robert G. WebsterComments to Author 
Author affiliations: St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA (K. Shanmuganatham, D. Walker, L. McClenaghan, P. Seiler, J. Franks, A. Danner, S. Barman, P. McKenzie, S. Krauss, R.J. Webby, R.G. Webster); Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh (M.M. Feeroz, S.M.R. Alam, M.K. Hasan); University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (L. Jones-Engel); Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore (G.J.D. Smith, M. Fourment); Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA (G.J.D. Smith)

Main Article

Table 4

HA, NA, and M gene substitutions that favor replication in mammals in avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses isolated from poultry in Bangladesh during 2008–2011*†

Residues and isolates
HA
NA
M1
M2 drug resistance
HA RBS

HA1/HA2

Glyco site
HB site
15
16
20
28
55
26
31
Residues
H9N2 numbering 166 191 234 399 218 372 403
H3 numbering
158
183
226
391
















Isolates
A/Env/BD/907/2009 N H L K KSSR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD1041/2009 S H Q K ASDR NRTF S W V E S I L L S
A/Ck/BD/2075/2009 N H L K KSSR No A W I V S F F L S
A/Env/BD/8202/2010 N H L K KSSR No A W I V N F F F N
A/Ck/BD/8996/2010 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Ck/BD/9334/2010 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD/10234/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD/10306/2011 D H Q K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Ck/BD/10450/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Ck/BD/10897/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Ck/BD/11154/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD/11173/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD/11309/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD/11315/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD/12116/2011 N H L K KSKR No ND ND I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD/12119/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N
A/Env/BD/13916/2011 N H L K KSSR No A R I V S F F L N
A/Ck/BD/13962/2011 N H L K KSKR No A W I V S F F L N

*A total of 31 unique substitutions were identified in 18 H9 isolates. Isolates 8202 (M2 adamantine-like drug resistance mutation), 10306 (HA158D) and13916 (NA403R) contain unique substitution not seen in most isolates. Boldface indicates key amino acid substitutions implicated in mammalian transmission. HA, hemagglutinin; NA, neuraminidase; M, matrix; RBS, receptor-binding site; glyco, glycosylation; HB, hemabsorbing; ND, analysis not done because sequences were not available.
†Amino acids: A, alanine; D, aspartic acid; E, glutamic acid; H, histidine; I, isoleucine; K, lysine; L, leucine; N, asparagine; Q, glutamine; R, arginine; S, serine; V, valine.

Main Article

Page created: August 20, 2013
Page updated: August 20, 2013
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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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