Volume 20, Number 12—December 2014
Research
Variably Protease-Sensitive Prionopathy, a Unique Prion Variant with Inefficient Transmission Properties
Table 3
Brain inoculum source, mouse line† | No. mice positive/no. total |
||
---|---|---|---|
Clinical signs of prion disease | Vacuolar degeneration | PrP deposition | |
MM1 | |||
HuMM | 10/13 | 13/13 | 13/13 |
HuMV | 9/14 | 14/14 | 14/14 |
HuVV |
8/16 |
13/16 |
14/16 |
MM2 | |||
HuMM | 0/16 | 0/16 | 0/15 |
HuMV | 0/18 | 0/18 | 2/18 |
HuVV |
0/17 |
0/17 |
3/17 |
VV1 | |||
HuMM | 0/16 | 0/16 | 2/16 |
HuMV | 2/14 | 9/14 | 1/14 |
HuVV |
2/14 |
7/14 |
7/14 |
VV2 | |||
HuMM | 4/18 | 6/18 | 15/17 |
HuMV | 1/15 | 5/15 | 12/14 |
HuVV | 13/16 | 16/16 | 15/15 |
*Data adapted from Bishop et al. (3). HuMM, HuMV, and HuVV, transgenic mice expressing the different forms of the human PrP gene (i.e., those homozygous for methionine [MM] or valine [VV] or heterozygous for methionine and valine [MV]). PrP, prion protein.
†Brain inoculum was prepared from postmortem samples from persons who had the MM1, MM2, VV1, or VV2 subtype of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
References
- Parchi P, Saverioni D. Molecular pathology, classification, and diagnosis of sporadic human prion disease variants. Folia Neuropathol. 2012;50:20–45 .PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Jansen C, Parchi P, Capellari S, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Schuur M, Strammiello R, Human prion diseases in the Netherlands (1998–2009): clinical, genetic and molecular aspects. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e36333. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Bishop MT, Will RG, Manson JC. Defining sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease strains and their transmission properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:12005–10. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Gambetti P, Dong Z, Yuan J, Xiao X, Zheng M, Alshekhlee A, A novel human disease with abnormal prion protein sensitive to protease. Ann Neurol. 2008;63:697–708. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Head MW, Knight R, Zeidler M, Yull H, Barlow A, Ironside JW. A case of protease sensitive prionopathy in a patient in the UK. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2009;35:628–32. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Jansen C, Head MW, van Gool WA, Baas F, Yull H, Ironside JW, The first case of protease-sensitive prionopathy (PSPr) in the Netherlands: a patient with an unusual GSS-like clinical phenotype. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81:1052–5. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Rodríguez-Martínez AB, Garrido JM, Zarranz JJ, Arteagoitia JM, de Pancorbo MM, Atares B, A novel form of human disease with a protease-sensitive prion protein and heterozygosity methionine/valine at codon 129: case report. BMC Neurol. 2010;10:99. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Parchi P, Giese A, Capellari S, Brown P, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Windl O, Classification of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease based on molecular and phenotypic analysis of 300 subjects. Ann Neurol. 1999;46:224–33. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Nurmi MH, Bishop M, Strain L, Brett F, McGuigan C, Hutchison M, The normal population distribution of PRNP codon 129 polymorphism. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003;108:374–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Zou WQ, Puoti G, Xiao X, Yuan J, Qing L, Cali I, Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy: a new sporadic disease of the prion protein. Ann Neurol. 2010;68:162–72. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Wroe SJ, Pal S, Siddique D, Hyare H, Macfarlane R, Joiner S, Clinical presentation and pre-mortem diagnosis of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with blood transfusion: a case report. Lancet. 2006;368:2061–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Peden AH, Head MW, Ritchie DL, Bell JE, Ironside JW. Preclinical vCJD after blood transfusion in a PRNP codon 129 heterozygous patient. Lancet. 2004;364:527–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Llewelyn CA, Hewitt PE, Knight RSG, Amar K, Cousens S, Mackenzie J, Possible transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion. Lancet. 2004;363:417–21. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Bishop MT, Diack AB, Ritchie DL, Ironside JW, Will RG, Manson JC. Prion infectivity in the spleen of a PRNP heterozygous individual with subclinical variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Brain. 2013;136:1139–45. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Bishop MT, Hart P, Aitchison L, Baybutt HN, Plinston C, Thomson V, Predicting susceptibility and incubation time of human-to-human transmission of vCJD. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:393–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Bishop MT, Ritchie DL, Will RG, Ironside JW, Head MW, Thomson V, No major change in vCJD agent strain after secondary transmission via blood transfusion. PLoS ONE. 2008;3:e2878. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Head MW, Lowrie S, Chohan G, Knight R, Scoones DJ, Ironside JW. Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy in a PRNP codon 129 heterozygous UK patient with co-existing tau, α synuclein and Aβ pathology. Acta Neuropathol. 2010;120:821–3. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Fraser H, Dickinson AG. The sequential development of the brain lesion of scrapie in three strains of mice. J Comp Pathol. 1968;78:301–11. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Yull HM, Ritchie DL, Langeveld JP, van Zijderveld FG, Bruce ME, Ironside JW, Detection of type 1 prion protein in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Am J Pathol. 2006;168:151–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kovács GG, Head MW, Hegyi I, Bunn TJ, Flicker H, Hainfellner JA, Immunohistochemistry for the prion protein: comparison of different monoclonal antibodies in human prion disease subtypes. Brain Pathol. 2002;12:1–11. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Prusiner SB. Novel proteinaceous infectious particles cause scrapie. Science. 1982;216:136–44. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Jucker M, Walker LC. Pathogenic protein seeding in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Ann Neurol. 2011;70:532–40. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Scott JR, Davies D, Fraser H. Scrapie in the central nervous system: neuroanatomical spread of infection and Sinc control of pathogenesis. J Gen Virol. 1992;73:1637–44. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Barron RM, Campbell SL, King D, Bellon A, Chapman KE, Williamson RA, High titers of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy infectivity associated with extremely low levels of PrPSc in vivo. J Biol Chem. 2007;282:35878–86. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Piccardo P, King D, Telling G, Manson JC, Barron RM. Dissociation of prion protein amyloid seeding from transmission of a spongiform encephalopathy. J Virol. 2013;87:12349–56. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Baker HF, Ridley RM, Duchen LW, Crow TJ, Bruton CJ. Experimental induction of β-amyloid plaques and cerebral angiopathy in primates. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993;695:228–31. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Piccardo P, Manson JC, King D, Ghetti B, Barron RM. Accumulation of prion protein in the brain that is not associated with transmissible disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007;104:4712–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Plinston C, Hart P, Chong A, Hunter N, Foster J, Piccardo P, Increased susceptibility of human-PrP transgenic mice to bovine spongiform encephalopathy infection following passage in sheep. J Virol. 2011;85:1174–81. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
Page created: November 18, 2014
Page updated: November 18, 2014
Page reviewed: November 18, 2014
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.