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Volume 20, Number 2—February 2014
Research

Seven-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and Nasopharyngeal Microbiota in Healthy Children

Giske Biesbroek, Xinhui Wang1, Bart J.F. Keijser1, Rene M.J. Eijkemans, Krzysztof Trzciński, Nynke Y. Rots, Reinier H. Veenhoven2, Elisabeth A.M. Sanders, and Debby BogaertComments to Author 
Author affiliations: University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (G. Biesbroek, X. Wang, K. Trzciński, E.A.M. Sanders. D. Bogaert); TNO, Zeist, the Netherlands (G. Biesbroek, B.J.F. Keijser); Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht (R.M.J. Eijkemans); Netherlands Vaccine Institute, Bilthoven, the Netherlands (N.Y. Rots); Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands (R.H. Veenhoven)

Main Article

Table

Baseline characteristics of PCV-7 vaccinated and unvaccinated children (controls) at 12 and 24 months of age*

Characteristic 12 mo
 24 mo
PCV-7, n = 97 Control, n = 103 p value PCV-7, n = 97 Control, n = 103 p value
Male sex
 54 (56)
 53 (51)
 NS
54 (56)
 53 (51)
 NS
Crowding
Presence of siblings in household 52 (54) 57 (55) NS 64 (66) 65 (63) NS
Daycare attendance†
 62 (64)
 68 (66)
 NS
75 (77)
 74 (72)
 NS
Symptoms of UTRI
UTRI (<6 mo) 56 (58) 55 (54) NS 41 (42) 43 (42) NS
Current cold‡ 40 (41) 38 (37) NS 36 (37) 39 (38) NS
Current otitis media 3 (3) 6 (6) NS 0 0 NS
History of wheezing
 15 (16)
 13 (13)
 NS
10 (10)
 9 (9)
 NS
Smoke exposure at home 6 (6) 7 (7) NS 6 (6) 6 (6) NS
Antimicrobial drug use (<1 mo)§
 4 (4)
 5 (5)
 NS
2 (2)
 2 (2)
 NS
Carriage detected by culture
Streptococcus pneumoniae 63 (64.9) 80 (77.7) 0.06 59 (60.8) 75 (72.8) 0.10
Vaccine serotypes 30 (30.9) 51 (49.5) 0.01 16 (16.5) 42 (40.8) 0.001
Nonvaccine serotypes 33 (34.0) 29 (28.2) NS 43 (44.3) 33 (32.0) 0.08
Moraxella catarrhalis 75 (77.3) 85 (82.5) NS 67 (96.1) 81 (78.6) NS
Haemophilus influenzae 56 (57.7) 50 (48.5) NS 55 (53.4) 59 (57.3) NS
Staphylococcus aureus 9 (9.3) 5 (4.9) NS 7 (6.8) 4 (3.9) NS

*Values are no. (%) unless otherwise indicated. p values were calculated by using the χ2 test and are shown when there was a trend (p = 0.05–0.1) or a significant difference (p<0.05). PCV-7, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; NS, not significant (p>0.1); UTRI, upper respiratory tract infection.
†Defined as at least 4 h/wk of daycare with >1 child from a different family.
‡Presence of mild symptoms of a respiratory tract infection at time of sampling as reported by parents.
§Defined as use of antimicrobial drug within 1 mo before sampling.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

2Deceased.

Page created: January 17, 2014
Page updated: January 17, 2014
Page reviewed: January 17, 2014
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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